Association between interleukin-10 gene polymorphisms (rs1800871, rs1800872, and rs1800896) and severity of infection in different SARS-CoV-2 variants

Demographics and baseline clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients

According to Table 1, this study included three variants, the Alpha, Delta, and Omicron with 1,022, 1,026, and 1,132 patients, respectively. The Alpha (53.0 ± 12.7) and the Omicron BA.5 (53.7 ± 12.9) variants were both younger than the Delta variant (58.0 ± 11.8). In the Alpha variant, there were 479 (46.9%) male and 543 (53.1%) female. In the Delta variant, there were 546 (53.2%) male and 480 (46.8%) female patients. In the Omicron BA.5 variant, there were also 546 (53.2%) male and 480 (46.8%) female patients.

Table 1 Comparison of laboratory parameters between SARS-CoV-2 variants

The 25-hydroxy vitamin D rate was significantly different between the Alpha, Delta, and Omicron BA.5 variants (P = 0.029) and was (24.2 ± 12.8, 21.8 ± 10.3, and 33.0 ± 13.4), respectively. Compared to the Alpha (20.1 ± 6.4) and Omicron BA.5 (21.9 ± 6.0) variants, the mean qPCR Ct values in the Delta variation (17.4 ± 6.1) were greater (P < 0.001).

COVID-19 mortality adjusted by SARS-CoV-2 variants and IL10 polymorphisms rs1800871, rs1800872, and rs1800896

The IL10 rs1800871 CC genotype, compared to other genotypes, was significantly related to COVID-19 mortality. In IL10 rs1800872 and rs1800896 polymorphisms, the patients with TT and GG genotypes had a higher COVID-19 death rate.

Table 2 shows the findings of the inheritance model analysis for IL10 rs1800871, rs1800872, and rs1800896 polymorphisms in patient samples. The Codominant model for all three SNPs with the lowest AIC and BIC in studied patients was the best fitting ones. The IL10 rs1800871 CC genotype was correlated with a higher risk of COVID-19 mortality (P < 0.0001, OR 3.59, 95% CI 2.82–4.56). In IL10 rs1800872 TT genotype (P < 0.0001, OR 3.39, 95% CI 2.65–4.35) and GG in rs1800896 (P < 0.0001, OR 2.65, 95% CI 2.04–3.45) were correlated to a higher risk of COVID-19 mortality.

Table 2 IL10 gene polymorphisms association with COVID-19 mortality adjusted by SARS- CoV-2 variants

The IL10 rs1800871 (P = 0.33), rs1800872 (P = 0.54), and rs1800896 (P = 0.94) polymorphisms in recovered and deceased patients were compatible with the HWE. The MAF for IL10 rs1800871 (C), rs1800872 (T) and rs1800896 (G) polymorphisms in recovered patients was lower than those in recovered ones.

IL10 polymorphisms rs1800871, rs1800872, and rs1800896 frequencies in SARS-CoV-2 variants

The results of this study showed that the mortality rate was significantly higher in the Delta variant than in the other two variants (P < 0.001).

Table 1 lists the frequency of IL10 rs1800871, rs1800872, and rs1800896 genotypes in different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Briefly, in IL10 rs1800871 polymorphism, the frequency of TT, CT, and CC in the Alpha variant was 271 (26.5%), 550 (53.8%), and 201 (19.7%), respectively. In the Delta variant, the frequencies were 498 (48.5%), 377 (36.7%), and 151 (14.8%), respectively. In the Omicron variant, the frequencies were 391 (34.4%), 619 (54.5%), and 126 (11.1%), respectively.

In IL10 rs1800872 polymorphism, the frequency of GG, GT, and TT in the Alpha variant was 474 (46.4%), 396 (38.7%), and 152 (14.9%), respectively. In the Delta variant was 532 (51.9%), 386 (37.6%), and 108 (10.5%) and in the Omicron BA.5 was 269 (23.7%), 711 (62.6%), and 156 (13.7%), respectively.

In IL10 rs1800896 polymorphism, the frequency of AA, AG, and GG in the Alpha variant was 358 (35.0%), 550 (53.8%), and 114 (11.2%), respectively. In the Delta variant was 510 (49.7%), 338 (32.9%), and 178 (17.4%) and in the Omicron BA.5 was 575 (50.6%), 511 (45.0%), and 50 (4.4%), respectively (Table 1).

After adjusting the association of IL10 rs1800871 polymorphism with SARS-CoV-2 variants, the CC genotype (OR 3.92, 95% CI 2.64–5.82) in the Alpha variant and CT genotype (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.01–1.73) in the Delta variant had a relationship with COVID-19 mortality; however, there was no association between rs1800871 polymorphism with the Omicron BA.5 variant (Table 3).

Table 3 IL10 rs1800871, rs1800872, and rs1800896 genotypes association with SARS-CoV-2 variants

The COVID-19 mortality rate was associated with IL10 rs1800872 TT genotype in the Alpha (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.42–2.98) and Omicron BA.4 (OR 10.81, 95% CI 6.73–17.36) variants and GT in the Alpha (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.10–1.89) and Delta (OR 2.97, 95% CI 2.19–4.02) variants (Table 3).

The COVID-19 mortality rate was associated with IL10 rs1800896 GG genotype in the Delta (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.14–2.03) and Omicron BA.4 (OR 6.71, 95% CI 3.59–12.55) variants and AG in the Delta (OR 2.99, 95% CI 1.98–4.52) and Omicron BA.4 (OR 7.01, 95% CI 5.05–9.71) variants; however, there was no association between rs1800896 polymorphism with the Alpha variant (Table 3).

According to the obtained data of the current study, the GTA haplotype was the most common of haplotype in different SARS-CoV-2 variants. The TCG haplotype was related to COVID-19 mortality in the Alpha (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.09–1.65), Delta (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.06–1.67) and Omicron BA.5 (OR 35.92, 95% CI 21.84–59.07) variants. The likelihood of death in patients with the Omicron BA.5 variant was 35-fold, compared to other variants. The GCA haplotype for the Alpha variant (OR 8.02, 95%CI 4.91–13.08) was statistically significant. The TCA haplotype for the Alpha (OR 58.26, 95%CI 7.48–79.96) and Omicron BA.5 (OR 19.44, 95%CI 11.15–33.87) variants was observed as statistically significant. The TTA and GCG haplotypes were associated with the mortality rate in the Omicron BA.5 (OR 7.08, 95%CI 3.73–13.44) and Delta (OR 3.55, 95%CI 1.28–9.88) variants, respectively (Table 4).

Table 4 SARS-CoV-2 variants and IL10 rs1800871, rs1800872, and rs1800896 haplotypes

留言 (0)

沒有登入
gif