Available online 8 March 2023

Author links open overlay panel, , , , , AbstractStatement of problem

Laser phototherapy has been studied as a surface treatment capable of increasing the adhesion of cement to the ceramic surface. However, the bond strength of glass and resin-ceramics after laser phototherapy is unclear.

Purpose

The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the bond strength of glass and resin-ceramics using laser therapy and conventional hydrofluoric acid etching.

Material and methods

This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and was registered in the Open Science Framework (OSF) for in vitro studies. A population, intervention, control, and outcome (PICO) question was formulated: “Does phototherapy promote better bond strength in glass and resin-ceramics than conventional hydrofluoric acid etching?” A literature search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest databases up to January 2023. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical assessment guidelines for quasi-experimental studies were used for quality assessment. The meta-analysis was based on the inverse variance (IV) method (α=.05).

Results

A total of 6 in vitro studies published between 2007 and 2019 with a total number of 348 specimens were included for qualitative analysis; 1 study had a positive effect. Five of the studies were included in the meta-analysis, which indicated a significant decrease for feldspathic ceramics that received laser phototherapy and lithium disilicate (P=.002; MD: −2.15; 95% CI: −3.53 to −0.77; I2=89%, P<.01) and (P<.01; MD: −2.13; 95% CI: −2.99 to −1.27; I2=82%, P<.01), respectively.

Conclusions

Laser irradiation as surface etching of glass ceramics does not produce a bond strength equal to that of conventional hydrofluoric acid etching.

Section snippetsMethods

This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted by using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement 2020,18 consistent with previous studies.19,20 In addition, the review was registered in the Open Science Framework (OSF) for in vitro studies (https://osf.io/g5hnd/).

A population, intervention, control, and outcome (PICO) question was formulated: “Does phototherapy promote better bond strength in glass and resin-ceramics than conventional

Results

The database search identified 345 articles, 145 in PubMed/MEDLINE, 142 in Embase, 37 in Web of Science, 10 in Cochrane Library, and 11 retrieved by the ProQuest search and manual search. Duplicate references were excluded, leaving 273 articles. After a detailed reading of the titles and abstracts, 12 articles were selected to apply the eligibility and exclusion criteria, of which 6 articles14,22, 23, 24, 25, 26 were excluded for the reasons listed in Table 1. Details of the search strategy are

Discussion

This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to analyze whether laser treatment on the surface of glass and resin-ceramics presented differences in bond strength compared with conventional etchings. The results of the meta-analysis indicated a significant decrease for the laser phototherapy group, so the null hypothesis was rejected. This result was consistent with those of Bitencourt et al17 or Al-Aali,33 who reported that the use of laser phototherapy increased the bond strength

Conclusions

Based on the findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis, the following conclusions were drawn:

1.

Laser irradiation for the surface etching of glass ceramics does not provide an effective bond strength equal to that of conventional HF etching.

2.

Further studies are needed to confirm the statistical result presented in this review.

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© 2023 by the Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.