From the R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center (N.K.D.), University of Maryland; Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery (E.R.H.), Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine (E.R.H.), and Department of Emergency Medicine (E.R.H.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; The Armstrong Institute for Patient Safety and Quality (E.R.H.), Johns Hopkins Medicine; Department of Health Policy and Management, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (E.R.H.), Baltimore, Maryland; Coalition for National Trauma Research (M.A.P.), San Antonio, Texas; Division of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, and Burns, and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery (T.W.C.), University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California; Division of Acute Care Surgery (A.L.T.), Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson School of Medicine, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery (B.A.C.), McGovern Medical School, Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, Texas; and Department of Surgery (E.J.L.), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.

Submitted: October 19, 2022, Revised: November 18, 2022, Accepted: November 21, 2022, Published online: December 6, 2022.

Address for correspondence: Eric J. Ley, MD, Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Suite 8215NT, Los Angeles, CA 90048; email: [email protected].