From the ∗Critical Care and Perioperative Medicine Research Group, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health

†King’s College Hospital, Denmark Hill, Brixton

‡King’s College Hospital, Denmark Hill, Brixton

§Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Garrod Building, Turner St, Whitechapel

∥Paediatric Intensive Care Department, St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and St George’s, University of London, London, United Kingdom.

Correspondence: Jack Charles Barton, MBBS, BSc, Critical Care and Perioperative Medicine Research Group, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health, London, E1 1FR, UK (e-mail: [email protected]).

ORCID IDs: 0000-0002-7376-4197 (J.C.B.), 0000-0001-8799-7509 (D.R.), 0000-0003-0636-0114 (A.E.C.), 0000-0003-0125-4806 (A.K.), and 0000-0002-7404-2006 (J.R.).

Funding Source: There was no funding source for this study.

Contributor Statement: All authors contributed to project conceptualization, methodology, and manuscript development. A.E.C., J.C.B., and D.R. contributed to data collection. J.C.B. and D.R. contributed to data curation, statistical analysis, and data visualization. J.R. supervised all stages of the project.

J.C.B. acts as project guarantor and accepts full responsibility for the work and/or the conduct of the study, has access to the data, and controlled the decision to publish.

The corresponding author attests that all listed authors meet the authorship criteria and that no others meeting the criteria have been omitted.

All authors declare no support from any organization for the submitted work; no financial relationships with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work in the previous 3 years; no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

Supplemental digital contents are available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal’s Web site (www.journalpatientsafety.com).