Author Affiliations: Clinical Nurse (Drs Marcarian and Obreja), Unit Director (Murray), and Intensivist and Medical Director (Dr Meltzer), Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center; and Senior Nurse Scientist (Dr Miller), Center for Nursing Excellence, UCLA Health.

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Correspondence: Dr Marcarian, Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit, 757 Westwood Plaza, Suite B790, Los Angeles, CA 90095 ([email protected]).

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