De la Rosa et al. examined relationships between adverse childhood experiences and related life events and allostatic load (AL) in children (N = 207). The Pediatric ACEs and Related Life Event Screener tool captured experiences of abuse, neglect, household challenges, and related life events. AL was operationalized with clinical or empirical cutoffs across cardiac, metabolic, inflammatory, and neurologic systems. Higher AL was associated with a larger number of reported adversities and worse child health. A curvilinear pattern indicated that AL in a pediatric population requires careful consideration of age.

Pages 108–117; https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000001167

Early life stress (ELS) in childhood and adolescence is an established risk factor for later cardiovascular disease and dysregulated reactivity to acute social stress. In a diverse community sample of adolescents and young adults (N = 1027), Mrug et al. examined whether coping styles affected ELS associations with baseline cardiovascular functioning, cardiovascular stress reactivity and recovery, and emotional stress reactivity. Low-to-moderate levels of emotion-oriented coping promoted optimal cardiovascular and emotional reactivity to acute stress among young people exposed to ELS.

Pages 118–129; https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000001165

Social relationships may relate to health outcomes through conflict or loneliness or through receipt of emotional care, support, and warmth. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (N = 4801), Manczak explored whether adolescents who shared more activities with their parents had lower health risk in early midlife, as indicated by measures of inflammation, renal function, glucose homeostasis, and cholesterol. Engaging in more activities together predicted better health 22 years later, suggesting that the amount of contact between parents and teenagers may have long-lasting beneficial health effects.

Pages 130–140; https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000001161

Naturalistic, holistic dynamics among physical activity, sleep, emotions, and purpose in life constitute a wellness system that promotes well-being. McGowan et al. used network analysis to examine day-to-day dynamics within this wellness system in the daily lives of college students (N = 226). More physical activity and better-quality sleep predicted higher purpose in life and happiness and lower negative emotion the next day. Higher purpose in life predicted lower negative emotion up to two days later. College wellness programs may target physical activity and sleep to manage negative emotions, which may also help students take control of a situation.

Pages 141–153; https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000001159

Conflict poses relational and health risks. In 107 middle-aged and older couples, Shrout et al. found that satisfied spouses or those in mutually satisfying relationships had higher heart rate variability (HRV) during conflict, felt closer immediately after conflict, and ruminated less about the conflict 2 hours later. Spouses’ HRV was higher and rumination lower when they or their partners were more satisfied and used “we-talk” more often during conflict. The combination of mutually satisfying relationships and we-talk may help reduce conflict’s physiological and emotional toll.

Pages 154–164; https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000001162

Hispanic/Latin and African American/Black older adults have disproportionate cardiometabolic disease burden compared with their non-Hispanic White counterparts. Sources of resilience such as social networks have been found to mitigate cardiometabolic risk and associated biomarkers such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Flores et al. investigated the association between social network density and 5-year hs-CRP and whether this association was moderated by race-ethnicity in a subsample of older adults (N = 1431) from the National Social Life Health and Aging Project. There was no main effect of network density on 5-year hs-CRP. In a social network density by race-ethnicity interaction, Hispanic/Latin older adults with high network density had significantly lower hs-CRP levels compared with their same-ethnic counterparts with low network density.

Pages 165–174; https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000001157

Dementia caregiving is associated with negative physical health consequences, including higher systemic inflammation. Vara-Garcia et al. analyzed the cross-sectional associations among dysfunctional thoughts about caregiving, frequency of pleasant leisure activities, and plasma interleukin 6 (IL-6) in family caregivers for people with dementia (N = 140). More dysfunctional thoughts correlated with lower frequency of leisure activity, and dysfunctional thoughts correlated with higher IL-6 through lower frequency of leisure activity. Within-person and intervention designs will determine whether training caregivers in reducing dysfunctional thoughts to increase leisure activities could reduce inflammation.

Pages 175–181; https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000001158

Outdoor recreational activity (ORA) has been suggested as a practical remedy in anger management to moderate the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Tezuka et al. used data from a prospective cohort study of 1877 individuals aged 40 to 79 years at baseline with a median follow-up of 18.8 years. An elevated risk of CVD was associated with anger expression among participants with low ORA but not among those with high ORA, suggesting that ORA may mitigate the association between anger expression and CVD risk.

Pages 182–187; https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000001166

Type D personality, a tendency toward negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (SI), has been linked to adverse events in patients with heart disease, though with inconsistent findings. Lodder et al. conducted an individual patient-data meta-analysis of 19 prospective cohort studies (N = 11,151), to investigate the prediction of adverse outcomes by Type D personality in acquired cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients. Type D predicts adverse events in coronary artery disease patients, while evidence in heart failure patients was inconclusive. In both patients with CAD and HF, the authors found evidence for a null effect of type D on cardiac and all-cause mortality.

Pages 188–202; https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000001164

Cardol et al. conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate a personalized eHealth intervention to improve psychological functioning and self-management among people with chronic kidney disease (N = 121). They found that, compared to usual care only, generic measures of psychological functioning and self-management did not improve at post-test and follow-up among patients who received the intervention, whereas their self-chosen personally relevant areas of functioning and self-management (diet, medication adherence, non-smoking, weight maintenance, and physical activity) did. Findings underscore that individually meaningful treatment outcomes should be included in personalized interventions.

Pages 203–215; https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000001163

For this issue of the journal, the article review process was managed by Editor-in-Chief Suzanne C. Segerstrom, with the exception of the article by Loder et al., which was managed by Willem J. Kop, who is now Editor-in-Chief Emeritus.