Braun, J. M. Early-life exposure to EDCs: role in childhood obesity and neurodevelopment. Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. 13, 161–173 (2017).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jung, Y. H. et al. Recruitment of CTCF to an Fto enhancer is responsible for transgenerational inheritance of BPA-induced obesity. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 119, e2214988119 (2022).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jung, Y. H. et al. Maintenance of CTCF- and transcription factor-mediated interactions from the gametes to the early mouse embryo. Mol. Cell 75, 154–171.e5 (2019).

Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kremsky, I. & Corces, V. G. Protection from DNA re-methylation by transcription factors in primordial germ cells and pre-implantation embryos can explain trans-generational epigenetic inheritance. Genome Biol. 21, 118 (2020).

Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sobreira, D. R. et al. Extensive pleiotropism and allelic heterogeneity mediate metabolic effects of IRX3 and IRX5. Science 372, 1085–1091 (2021).

Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zhang, Y. et al. Dnmt2 mediates intergenerational transmission of paternally acquired metabolic disorders through sperm small non-coding RNAs. Nat. Cell Biol. 20, 535–540 (2018).

Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wei, J. et al. FTO mediates LINE1 m6A demethylation and chromatin regulation in mESCs and mouse development. Science 376, 968–973 (2022).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Deng, S. et al. RNA m6A regulates transcription via DNA demethylation and chromatin accessibility. Nat. Genet. 54, 1427–1437 (2022).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zhang, Y., Shi, J., Rassoulzadegan, M., Tuorto, F. & Chen, Q. Sperm RNA code programmes the metabolic health of offspring. Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. 15, 489–498 (2019).

Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Manikkam, M., Tracey, R., Guerrero-Bosagna, C. & Skinner, M. K. Plastics derived endocrine disruptors (BPA, DEHP and DBP) induce epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of obesity, reproductive disease and sperm epimutations. PLoS One 8, e55387 (2013).

Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar