You are what you ate: myeloid cells trained by fatty acids

Hato et al. fed mice a high-fat diet to induce obesity before placing them on a regular diet (HFD-RD). After six weeks on a regular diet (RD), weights and other metabolic parameters in the HFD-RD group were comparable to mice maintained on a RD; but in a model of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV), enhanced retinal neovascularization occurred in HFD-RD mice than in RD mice. Naive mice that received adipose tissue or bone marrow transplants before laser injury developed greater CNV if they received transplants from the HFD-RD mice. The authors found that during obesity, high systemic lipid levels promote long-term epigenetic changes in myeloid cells that increase their proangiogenic and proinflammatory activities. They identified a key role for stearic acid and TLR4 in this ‘training’ process. Thus, a past history of obesity can induce long-term changes in myeloid cells that exacerbate their pathological potential in disease.

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