Total and regional skeletal muscle mass references by sport participation and body size in youth

Abstract

Skeletal muscle mass (SMM) is a relevant indicator of adolescent health influenced by sport participation, body size, and maturation. However, limited data are available from techniques accessible to field professionals. Purpose: To provide reference data of regional and total-body SMM and fat-free mass (FFM) derived from anthropometry among groups of age, sex, and sport participation in healthy Caucasian children and adolescents. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional dataset of 1,438 participants aged 8-18 years was analyzed for this study. Regional and total-body SMM and FFM were estimated from anthropometric variables. Sport participation was obtained by ad hoc questionnaires and maturity offset was calculated using predictive equations. General linear model of mixed factors was used to analyze the variance of FFM or SMM across groups and confounders. Ln-ln regression analysis was applied to describe the scaling relationship between SMM and height. Results: Positive interactions were found between sex, sport participation, and age for regional muscle variables (P<0.05). Adjusted total and regional SMM significantly increased along school-age periods in the active groups (~2.2 kg gain, P<0.05, boys and girls; arm, ~1.3 cm gain, P<0.01, boys), and allometric values were higher in boys than girls for regional muscle (P<0.01). Discussion: The novel contribution of this analysis includes regional indicators of SMM and the relevance of sport participation on SMM accrual in post-pubertal boys. Also, confirms that muscle growth rate varies across sex and phases of puberty, which arises a plausible sexual phenotype/dysmorphism of regional SMM influenced by sport participation.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Funding Statement

This study was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Grant: DEP2011-30565).

Author Declarations

I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained.

Yes

The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below:

Ethics committee/IRB of the University of Malaga gave ethical approval for this work.

I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals.

Yes

I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance).

Yes

I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material as supplementary files, if applicable.

Yes

Data Availability

All data produced in the present study are available upon reasonable request to the authors.

留言 (0)

沒有登入
gif