*Clinical and Research Programs in Pediatric Psychopharmacology and Adult ADHD, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA;

†Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;

‡Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN;

§Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY.

Address for reprints: Joseph Biederman, MD, Massachusetts General Hospital, Yawkey 6A, Boston, MA 02114; e-mail: [email protected].

In the past year, S.V. Faraone received income, potential income, travel expenses, continuing education support, and/or research support from Aardvark, Akili, Genomind, Ironshore, KemPharm/Corium, Noven, OnDosis, Otsuka, Rhodes, Supernus, Takeda, Tris, and Vallon. With his institution, he has US patent US20130217707 A1 for the use of sodium-hydrogen exchange inhibitors in the treatment of ADHD. In previous years, he received support from Alcobra, Arbor, Aveksham, CogCubed, Eli Lilly, Enzymotec, Impact, Janssen, Lundbeck/Takeda, McNeil, NeuroLifeSciences, NeuroVance, Novartis, Pfizer, Shire, and Sunovion. He also receives royalties from books published by Guilford Press: Straight Talk about Your Child's Mental Health; Oxford University Press: Schizophrenia: The Facts; and Elsevier: ADHD: Non-Pharmacologic Interventions. He is also a Program Director of www.adhdinadults.com. Dr. Faraone is supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 965381; National Institute of Mental Health grants U01AR076092-01A1, 1R21MH1264940, and R01MH116037; Oregon Health and Science University, Otsuka Pharmaceuticals, Noven Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, and Supernus Pharmaceutical Company.

This study was supported in part by the MGH Pediatric Psychopharmacology Council Fund (to J.B.).

J. Biederman is currently receiving research support from the following sources: AACAP, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Genentech, Headspace Inc., NIDA, Pfizer Pharmaceuticals, Roche TCRC Inc., Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc., Takeda/Shire Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tris, and National Institutes of Health. J. Biederman and his program have received royalties from a copyrighted rating scale used for ADHD diagnoses, paid by BioMarin, Bracket Global, Cogstate, Ingenix, MedAvante-ProPhase, Shire/Takeda, Sunovion, and Theravance; these royalties were paid to the Department of Psychiatry at MGH. Through Partners HealthCare Innovation, J. Biederman has a partnership with MEMOTEXT to commercialize a digital health intervention to improve adherence in ADHD. Through MGH corporate licensing, J. Biederman has a US Patent (#14/027,676) for a nonstimulant treatment for ADHD, a US Patent (#10,245,271 B2) on a treatment of impaired cognitive flexibility, and a patent pending (#61/233,686) on a method to prevent stimulant abuse. In 2022, J. Biederman received honoraria from the MGH Psychiatry Academy for tuition-funded CME courses. In 2021, J. Biederman received an honorarium for a scientific presentation from Multi-Health Systems and a one-time consultation for Cowen Healthcare Investments. He received honoraria from the AACAP, the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, BIAL - Portela & Ca. S.A. (Portugal), Medscape Education, and MGH Psychiatry Academy for tuition-funded CME courses. In 2020, J. Biederman received an honorarium for a scientific presentation from Tris and from the Institute of Integrated Sciences—INI (Brazil) and research support from the Food and Drug Administration. He received honoraria from MedLearning Inc, NYU, and MGH Psychiatry Academy for tuition-funded CME courses. In 2019, Dr. Biederman was a consultant for Akili, Avekshan, Jazz Pharma, and Shire/Takeda. He received research support from Lundbeck AS and Neurocentria Inc. Through MGH CTNI, he participated in a scientific advisory board for Supernus. He received honoraria from the MGH Psychiatry Academy for tuition-funded CME courses. A. Green received funding from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health under award number T32HD007475. The remaining authors declare no conflict of interest.

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