There has been an increase in the use of robot assisted surgery (RAS) in pediatric urology since the 1990s. The advantages of robot-assisted procedures include shorter hospital stay lengths, decreased pain medication requirements, improved visualization, ability to navigate in small spaces, as well as improved cosmesis due to smaller incisions with comparable success and complication rates to open repairs. RAS is used in a variety of pediatric urologic cases including nephrectomy, pyeloplasty, ureteral reconstruction, ureteral reimplantation, and urachal abnormalities, as well as more complex reconstructions such as creation of channels capable of catheterization (for urinary and fecal continence), bladder augmentation, and bladder neck reconstruction. Pyeloplasties and ureteral reimplantation are the most common RAS procedures in pediatric urology.1,2,33 These will be discussed in further details in this chapter.