Available online 20 January 2023
Author links open overlay panelHighlights•The largest scale meta-analysis for rhBMPs in long bone non-union.
•RhBMPs can replace autologous bone graft (ABG) in these cases;
•The combination of rhBMPs and ABG was not desirable in these cases;
•The outcomes were associated with the quality of the included studies.
AbstractObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteins (rhBMPs) and autologous bone graft (ABG) on the healing of long bone non-union.
MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and CNKI up to December 2021. Two authors independently screened the studies, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the trials. A Meta-analysis was performed using state software (version 12.0).
ResultsA total of 14 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, there was no significant difference between the rhBMPs group and the ABG group in terms of healing rate (RR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.96–1.12, p = 0.365) and healing time (SMD = −0.31, 95% CI = −0.76–0.14, p = 0.175). Subgroup analysis showed rhBMPs lead to higher healing rates (RR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.17–1.56, p < 0.001), and shorter healing time (SMD = −0.65, 95% CI = −1.08 to −0.22, p = 0.003) in the subgroup of moderate-quality studies. Sensitivity analysis proved that our conclusions were relatively robust. No significant publication bias was recognized in all studies (Begg’s test, p = 0.193; Egger's test, p = 0.307).
ConclusionsRhBMPs or combined with allografts bone, inorganic bone was a valid alternative to ABG for the treatment of long bone non-union.
KeywordsBone morphogenetic protein
Non-union
Long bone
Autologous bone graft
Allograft bone graft
Meta-analysis
View full text© 2022 Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (Scottish charity number SC005317) and Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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