Ethnonusing method to explore Spanish speaking parents, culture, and nurse role
•Mothers value the role of manager of care for the hospitalized child and family.
•Parents experience negative emotions but perceive nursing care as good.
•Caring nurses are kind, respectful, compassionate, and attentive.
•Communication in parents' language is integral for culturally congruent care.
AbstractPurposeParents' inability to speak English proficiently is associated with communication barriers in the care process of their children, social determinants of health, and poor child health outcomes. Research exploring perspectives of Spanish speaking parents with limited English proficiency (SSP-LEP) whose children are hospitalized in the context of culture is lacking in the literature. The purpose of this study was to explore the cultural experiences, values, and beliefs of SSP-LEP, of Mexican origin, whose children were hospitalized and to understand nurses' roles in providing culturally congruent care.
Design and methodsLeininger's qualitative, ethnonursing method was used for this study. The Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality provided a guiding framework. Eleven SSP-LEP, of Mexican origin, participated in interviews conducted in-person and via Zoom. Data was analyzed using Leininger's four phases of qualitative analysis.
ResultsThree themes emerged: 1. role of the mother as an ever-present manager of care for the hospitalized child and family, 2. parents' difficult, fearful, stressful, and unknowing experiences in the presence of a language barrier, and 3. expected nursing care that was kind, respectful, compassionate, and attentive.
ConclusionsLack of knowledge creates hardships for parents who desire to be involved, informed caregivers. Communication in Spanish language is integral to parents' understanding and expected nursing care. SSP-LEP may have negative feelings; yet describe a positive care experience.
Practice implicationsCulturally congruent care should incorporate language services for information sharing that facilitates parent participation and decision-making; be kind, respectful, compassionate, and attentive; and promote maternal role maintenance.
KeywordsLimited English proficient
Spanish speaking parents
Hospitalized children
Mexican origin
Ethnonursing
Culturally congruent care
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