Neuropeptide B promotes differentiation of rodent white preadipocytes into mature adipocytes

White adipose tissue plays a prominent role in controlling energy homeostasis, especially trough regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism (Luo and Liu, 2016). Fat tissue cells (adipocytes) store the excess of energy as triacylglycerol, which can be metabolized into free fatty acid and glycerol and utilized during negative energy balance (Luo and Liu, 2016). Furthermore, adipocytes produce more than 600 biologically active molecules, including peptide hormones which interact via paracrine and endocrine mode of action with adipocytes and other tissues such as liver, muscle or brain, (de Oliveira dos Santos et al., 2021; Freitas Lima et al., 2015). There is growing evidence indicating that excess of adipose tissue in overweight and obese individuals is associated with numerus health disorders, such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular malfunctions (Harvey et al., 2020). The amount of adipose tissue in the organism results from proliferation of fat precursor cells (preadipocytes), their differentiation into adipocytes and an accumulation of lipids in mature adipocytes (Richard et al., 2000). Notably, both increased proliferation and lipid accumulation lead to hyperplasia and hypertrophy of fat tissue (Jo et al., 2009). Nevertheless, it is worth to note that hyperplasia of adipose tissue is reduced with aging (Mancuso and Bouchard, 2019).

Adipogenesis is a complex process, which is modulated by a variety of factors including peptide hormones (Kołodziejski et al., 2021). In our recent study, we found that proliferation and differentiation of rat brown preadipocytes is modulated by neuropeptide B (Wojciechowicz et al., 2021a). Neuropeptide B is a peptide hormone, identified independently by several research groups (Brezillon et al., 2003; Fujii et al., 2002; Tanaka et al., 2003). This peptide consists of 23 or 29 amino acids and is modified by bromine in its terminal tryptophan motif (Fujii et al., 2002). It was demonstrated that NPB binds to two GPCR receptors, termed as NPBWR1 (GPR7) and NPBWR2 (GPR8) (Tanaka et al., 2003). Nevertheless, it needs to be pointed out that in rodents, NPBWR2 is not expressed at all (Tanaka et al., 2003). Two decades after the discovery on NPB, there is emerging evidence indicating that this neuropeptide and its receptors are widely expressed in the brain and peripheral tissue, and that the receptors contribute to the regulation of energy homeostasis, and metabolism (Chottova Dvorakova, 2018; Hondo et al., 2008; Wojciechowicz et al., 2021b). Recently, it was reported that both, NPBWR1−/− and NPB−/− mice develop mild adult-onset obesity (Ishii et al., 2003; Kelly et al., 2005), providing an additional support for the role of the NPB/NPBWR1 system in regulating body weight. While we recently found that NPB modulates brown adipogenesis in rat preadipocytes, the role of NPB in controlling proliferation and differentiation of white fat precursor cells remains unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to answer the question whether NPB affects the adipogenesis in white adipose tissue.

留言 (0)

沒有登入
gif