Figure 1. Schematic representation for the related pathways between IgAN and the NLRP3 inflammasome and the plausible mechanism of treatments. IgA-ICs, IgA immune complexes; IgAN, IgA nephropathy; Tris DBA, Tris dibenzylideneacetone dipalladium; ROS, reactive oxygen species.

Figure 1. Schematic representation for the related pathways between IgAN and the NLRP3 inflammasome and the plausible mechanism of treatments. IgA-ICs, IgA immune complexes; IgAN, IgA nephropathy; Tris DBA, Tris dibenzylideneacetone dipalladium; ROS, reactive oxygen species.

Table 1. Studies about treatments related to pathways between IgAN and NLRP3 inflammasome.

Table 1. Studies about treatments related to pathways between IgAN and NLRP3 inflammasome.

TreatmentsRelated PathwaysModelsYearZhen-wu-tang [4]Regulates exosomes to inhibit NF-κB/NLRP3 pathwayIgAN rat model and human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2)2020Tris DBA [16]Inhibits the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome through SIRT1- and SIRT3-mediated autophagyIgAN mouse model and cultured macrophage cells2020Icariin [17]Ameliorates IgA nephropathy by inhibition of NF-κB/NlRP3 pathwayIgAN rat model and BMDCs2016Osthole [19]Inhibits ROS generation and NF-κB/NLRP3 pathwayProgressive IgAN mouse model, cultured macrophage cells and mesangial cells2013Artemisinin and hydroxychloroquine combination therapy [25]Suppress NF-κB signaling and NLRP3 inflammasome activation by exosomesIgAN rat model and human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2)2019Compound K [26]Inhibits NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome and enhance autophagy and SIRT1IgAN mouse model2020Triptolide [27]Down-regulates NLRP3 and TLR4 expressionIgAN rat model2015Resveratrol [37]Inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation by augmenting autophagy and preserving mitochondrial integrityIgAN mouse model2015LCC18 [38]Inhibits the MAPKs/COX-2 axis-mediated priming of the NLRP3 inflammasome and inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation through autophagy inductionIgAN mouse model and cultured macrophage cells2021Probiotics [66]Improve gut dysbiosis and inhibit the NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 signaling pathwayIgAN patients and IgAN mouse model2022