IJERPH, Vol. 20, Pages 401: Optimizing Disaster Preparedness Planning for Minority Older Adults: One Size Does Not Fit All

Figure 1. Classification of Disaster Preparedness Activities into Survival and Planning Preparedness Actions.

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Table 1. Sample characteristics by disaster preparedness action categories (n = 522).

Table 1. Sample characteristics by disaster preparedness action categories (n = 522).

VariablesTotal (n = 522)Completed * Survival ActionsCompleted * Planning Actionsn(%)n(%)n(%)Age  <65174(33.3)128(31.8)124(30.8) 65–74219(42.0)165(41.0)175(43.4) ≥75129(24.7)109(27.1)104(25.8)Gender  Female394(76.8)299(75.9)299(75.7) Male119(23.2)95(24.1)96(24.3)Race/Ethnicity  Non-Hispanic Black290(56.6)253(64.4)249(63.2) Hispanic222(43.4)140(35.6)145(36.8)Marital Status  Unmarried266(52.0)214(54.3)213(53.8) Married246(48.1)180(45.7)183(46.2)Education  Less than high school105(21.3)70(18.4)73(19.0) High school diploma/GED126(25.5)79(20.8)88(22.9) Some college/technical school131(26.5)118(31.1)108(28.1) Bachelor’s degree77(15.6)64(16.8)65(16.9) Graduate degree55(11.1)49(12.9)50(13.0)Income  Less than USD 25,000199(43.4)130(37.1)132(37.6) USD 25,000 to USD 74,999173(37.7)146(41.7)145(41.3) USD 75,000 or more87(19.0)74(21.1)74(21.1)Insurance Coverage  Uninsured125(24.0)69(17.2)74(18.4) Medicaid40(7.7)24(6.0)22(5.5)Medicare232(44.4)203(50.5)204(50.6) Private health insurance 112(21.5)95(23.6)91(22.6) TRICARE/Military/VA/CHAMP13(2.5)11(2.7)12(3.0)Home Ownership  No206(39.5)143(35.6)147(36.5) Yes316(60.5)259(64.4)256(63.5)Caregiving Needs  Unmet376(72.0)287(71.4)290(72.0) Met146(28.0)115(28.6)113(28.0)Limited activity due to health condition  No358(78.2)265(75.1)264(76.7) Yes100(21.8)88(24.9)80(23.3)Tested positive (or close family) for COVID  No253(48.5)175(43.5)172(42.7) Yes269(51.5)227(56.5)231(57.3)Living Arrangement  Living alone125(24.0)108(26.9)107(26.6) Living with a partner/spouse146(28.0)122(30.4)123(30.5) Living with family251(48.1)172(42.8)173(42.9)

Table 2. Logistic Regression Modeling of the Relationship between Sociodemographic Characteristics and Survival and Planning Disaster Preparedness Actions (n = 522).

Table 2. Logistic Regression Modeling of the Relationship between Sociodemographic Characteristics and Survival and Planning Disaster Preparedness Actions (n = 522).

VariablesMV Adjusted ORSurvival ActionsPlanning ActionsAge  <65Ref.Ref. 65–740.750.95 ≥751.160.78Gender  FemaleRef.Ref. Male0.720.86Race/Ethnicity  Non-Hispanic BlackRef.Ref. Hispanic0.560.77Marital Status  UnmarriedRef.Ref. Married0.980.81Education  Less than high schoolRef.Ref. High school diploma/GED0.950.95 Some college/technical school2.150.71 Bachelor’s degree1.270.74 Graduate degree1.780.95Income  Less than USD 25,000Ref.Ref. USD 25,000 to USD 74,9991.391.69 USD 75,000 or more1.191.46Insurance Coverage  UninsuredRef.Ref. Medicaid1.140.89 Medicare2.54 *3.65 * Private health insurance 2.101.65 TRICARE/Military/VA/CHAMP1.754.75Home Ownership  NoRef.Ref. Yes1.311.04Caregiving Needs  UnmetRef.Ref. Met1.411.27Limited activity due to health condition  NoRef.Ref. Yes1.690.69Tested positive (or known someone) for COVID  NoRef.Ref. Yes1.512.12 *Living Arrangement  Living aloneRef.Ref. Living with spouse/partner0.681.00 Living with family0.900.83

Table 3. Correlates of Survival and Planning Disaster Preparedness Actions among Hispanic and Black/African American respondents.

Table 3. Correlates of Survival and Planning Disaster Preparedness Actions among Hispanic and Black/African American respondents.

VariablesMV Adjusted OR Survival ActionsPlanning Actions Hispanic (n = 222)Black (n = 290)Hispanic (n = 222)Black
(n = 290)Age  <65Ref.Ref.Ref.Ref. 65–740.730.500.791.46 ≥750.843.900.451.29Gender  FemaleRef.Ref.Ref.Ref. Male0.481.140.741.29Marital Status  UnmarriedRef.Ref.Ref.Ref. Married1.410.570.551.18Education  Less than high schoolRef.Ref.Ref.Ref. High school diploma/GED0.841.980.565.14 Some college/technical school2.402.820.831.50 Bachelor’s degree1.422.140.562.42 Graduate degree-1.60-2.28Income  Less than USD 25,000Ref.Ref.Ref.Ref. USD 25,000 to USD 74,9990.484.29 *0.882.39 USD 75,000 or more1.612.236.371.56Insurance Coverage  UninsuredRef.Ref.Ref.Ref. Medicaid0.865.770.761.44 Medicare3.48 *3.324.52 *2.84 Private health insurance 3.941.963.171.22 TRICARE/Military/VA/CHAMP1.921.99-3.63Home Ownership  NoRef.Ref.Ref.Ref. Yes1.281.300.502.29Caregiving Needs  UnmetRef.Ref.Ref.Ref. Met1.171.530.902.03Limited activity due to health condition  NoRef.Ref.Ref.Ref. Yes2.381.090.380.78Tested positive (or close family) for COVID  NoRef.Ref.Ref.Ref. Yes1.093.03 *4.09 *1.44Living Arrangement  Living aloneRef.Ref.Ref.Ref. Living with partner/spouse0.681.121.770.87 Living with family1.160.601.440.60

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