Figure 1. (a) Correlation between age and SDNN in the MVP and control groups. (b) Correlation between age and RMSSD in the MVP and control groups. (c) Correlation between age and NN50 in the MVP and control groups. The circle and diamond points indicate the MVP group and control group, respectively.

Figure 2. (a) Correlation between age and mean of RR interval in the MVP and control groups. (b) Correlation between age and low frequency power in the MVP and control groups. (c) Correlation between age and high-frequency power in the MVP and control groups. (d) Correlation between age and LF/HF ratio in the MVP and control groups. The circle and diamond points indicate the MVP group and control group, respectively.

Table 1. Basic demographics of patients with MVP and the control subjects.

Table 1. Basic demographics of patients with MVP and the control subjects.

Before Propensity Score MatchingAfter Propensity Score MatchingVariableMVP (n = 60)Control (n = 120)p-ValueMVP (n = 52)Control (n = 52)p-Valueage, year39.0 ± 15.448.9 ± 18.1<0.00141.5 ± 15.039.8 ± 18.50.621female46 (76.7)80 (66.7)0.22741 (78.8)40 (76.9)1.000heart rate, bpm77.0 ± 8.177.1 ± 9.90.94677.9 ± 7.979.4 ± 11.00.427smoking11 (18.3)12 (10.0)0.1546 (11.5)6 (11.5)1.000coffee10 (16.7)28 (23.3)0.33810 (19.2)11 (21.2)1.000insomnia6 (10.0)10 (8.3)0.7835 (9.6)5 (9.6)1.000syncope6 (10.0)18 (15.0)0.4865 (9.6)7 (13.5)0.760

Table 2. HRV parameters of the MVP group and the control group.

Table 2. HRV parameters of the MVP group and the control group.

Before Propensity Score MatchingAfter Propensity Score MatchingVariableMVP (n = 60)Control (n = 120)p-valueMVP (n = 52)Control (n = 52)p-ValueSDNN, ms132.2 [113.1, 156.9]127.3 [112.0, 153.4]0.386130.6 [111.7, 147.3]130.2 [113.9, 158.8]0.480RMSSD, ms27.3 [21.5, 42.6]26.9 [19.1, 37.6]0.21526.3 [21.3, 39.5]27.8 [20.1, 41.9]0.616NN506504 [2567, 14,964]4230 [1722, 11,281]0.0774926 [2275, 11,003]7363 [2103, 14,239]0.384PNN50, %6.3 [2.3, 14.9]4.5 [1.7, 11.4]0.1194.8 [2.1, 11.1]6.4 [2.1, 12.9]0.470RR interval mean, ms2796.1 [732.1, 905.4]805.1 [738.2, 886.4]0.813785.8 [730.0, 874.8]766.2 [735.2, 858.1]0.833VLF, ms22958 [1482, 4958]2815 [1773, 4636]0.8442747 [1427, 4972]2804 [1922, 4704]0.644LF, ms22402 [1191, 4655]2729 [1540, 5096]0.3812448 [1191, 4724]2361 [1540, 4681]0.805HF, ms21179 [522, 2613]1168 [658, 2680]0.6031179 [522, 2787]1046 [626, 2485]0.969Total, ms26449 [3238, 11,540]7151 [4172, 12,800]0.4556449 [3238, 12,074]6884 [4113, 12,061]0.673LF/HF ratio2.05 [1.60, 2.80]2.08 [1.46, 2.79]0.9992.05 [1.60, 2.86]2.03 [1.42, 2.99]0.828

Table 3. Multivariable quantile regression for the association between MVP and HRV parameters using the whole cohort (n = 180).

Table 3. Multivariable quantile regression for the association between MVP and HRV parameters using the whole cohort (n = 180).

VariableRegression coefficient of MVP (95% CI) *p-ValueSDNN, ms3.6 (−8.6, 15.8)0.560RMSSD, ms−1.5 (−7.3, 4.2)0.602NN5038.3 (−2494.6, 2571.2)0.976PNN50, %0.35 (−2.49, 3.19)0.810RR interval mean, ms25.6 (−36.2, 47.4)0.792VLF, ms2246.1 (−749.4, 1241.5)0.626LF, ms2−81.5 (−1128.5, 965.4)0.878HF, ms2−79.1 (−713.7, 555.5)0.806Total, ms2−229.5 (−2821.7, 2362.7)0.861LF/HF ratio−0.10 (−0.51, 0.32)0.653

Table 4. Correlation between age and HRV parameters in the MVP group and the control group.

Table 4. Correlation between age and HRV parameters in the MVP group and the control group.

MVPControlVariableρp-Valueρp-ValueSDNN, ms−0.340.008−0.180.057RMSSD, ms−0.390.002−0.140.139NN50−0.47<0.001−0.32<0.001PNN50, %−0.46<0.001−0.240.008RR interval mean, ms20.080.5400.47<0.001VLF, ms20.090.5000.170.062LF, ms20.180.1590.290.001HF, ms20.080.5350.280.002Total, ms20.120.3530.270.003LF/HF ratio0.040.768−0.200.029