We evaluated the performance of a large language model called ChatGPT on the United States Medical Licensing Exam (USMLE), which consists of three exams: Step 1, Step 2CK, and Step 3. ChatGPT performed at or near the passing threshold for all three exams without any specialized training or reinforcement. Additionally, ChatGPT demonstrated a high level of concordance and insight in its explanations. These results suggest that large language models may have the potential to assist with medical education, and potentially, even clinical decision-making.

The authors have declared no competing interest.

This study did not receive any external funding

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The data analyzed in this study were obtained from USMLE sample questions sets which are publicly available. The question index, raw inputs, and raw AI outputs are available in the Online Data Supplement. Inquiries and requests for additional dataset items and adjudication results can be provided upon reasonable request by contacting Victor Tseng, MD (victor@ansiblehealth.com).