Contribution of hip abductors muscles on bone mineral density and functionality in older women

Osteoporosis is a major bone disorder in the older population1 that leads to a decrease in bone strength and bone mass, increasing the susceptibility to fractures.2

The loss of bone mass may be accompanied by a muscle decline, due to the fact that muscles and bones work in unity,3 that can be explained by the mechanostatic model.3,4 Changes in bone mass are intimately associated with changes in muscle mass and strength.4 Based on that, hip and knee muscles may have an important function in the bone health of the femoral neck, due to their fixation being near or crossing this region.3,5,6

In relation to physical function performance, it is expected that different motor tasks require different muscle groups and/or different degrees of their contribution to performing the motor activity safely and effectively since each motor task requires different physiological needs.7,8 Also, it is known that the better the physical function performance the lower the risk of falling, and consequently, the lower the risk of having a bone fracture in those women with reduced bone mass.6

To our knowledge, no study investigated which muscle is associated with bone mineral density of femoral neck (BMD-FN) and how these muscles are associated with physical performance in older women. Understanding which muscle group is associated with BMD-FN and its contribution to different clinical tests can help health professionals in a better-targeted assessment of this population. Therefore, the first objective of this study was to investigate the association between muscle strength of the hip and knee and the BMD-FN in older women. The second objective was to explore whether the muscle strength that are related with femoral neck bone is associated with physical function performance in older women. Our hypothesis is that the muscles that have the origin and insertion closest to the femoral neck, regardless of their size, are those that are most associated with the BMD-FN. Furthermore, we expect that the same muscles that are associated with BMD-FN will also be related to clinical tests.

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