Fe3S4 nanoparticles wrapped in g-C3N4 matrix: an outstanding visible active Fenton catalysis and electrochemical sensing platform for Lead and Uranyl ions

Fe3S4 commonly known as greigite is a transition metal chalcogenide and has attracted enormous attention in the field of energy storage and environmental remediation. Herein, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) encapsulated zero-dimensional Fe3S4 nanostructure was synthesized by solvothermal strategy. The nanocomposite material was well characterized by FTIR, PXRD, TGA, FE-SEM, TEM, HRTEM, BET, and XPS techniques. The highly active adsorption and catalytic centers in Fe3S4-g-C3N4 facilitate (a) the mineralization of methylene blue (MB) dye (b) electrochemical sensing of Pb2+ and UO22+ ions (c) reductive-adsorption of UO22+ ions from aqueous system. Almost complete (>98%) photo-Fenton degradation of MB dye was achieved at pH=6.0 and by using the direct sunlight with least input of H2O2. A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified Fe3S4-g-C3N4 electrode was fabricated to sense the micromolar concentration of Pb2+ and UO22+ ions in the aqueous medium. The limit of detection for Pb2+ and UO22+ ions were 0.71 and 0.22µM in the linear concentration range of 1-7µM and 0.05-8µM respectively. Finally, the nanocomposite material was tested for the removal of uranyl ions. The removal of uranyl ions was very rapid with > 95% removed within 30 min of contact time. The adsorption of uranyl ion was described by the Langmuir model with maximum monolayer adsorption of 185.20 ± 4.3 mgg-1. The XPS analysis of U4f and S2p spectra confirm the charge transfer from sulfide ion to uranyl ion resulting in the reduction of U(VI) to U(IV). The magnetically recoverable Fe3S4-g-C3N4 nanocomposite shows excellent stability and reusability over multiple catalytic and adsorption cycles.

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