Applied Sciences, Vol. 12, Pages 12274: Investigation on Deformation Behavior of the Crossing Section of Two Municipal Road Tunnels during Construction

Conceptualization, C.-Y.Z. and R.-H.Y.; methodology, C.-Y.Z.; software, C.-Y.Z.; validation, C.-Y.Z. and Y.-L.L.; formal analysis, C.-Y.Z.; investigation, C.-Y.Z. and R.-H.Y.; resources, R.-H.Y., C.-J.H. and X.J.; data curation, C.-Y.Z. and R.-H.Y.; writing—original draft preparation, C.-Y.Z. and Y.-L.L.; writing—review and editing, C.-Y.Z. and Y.-L.L.; visualization, C.-Y.Z. and Y.-L.L.; supervision, Y.-L.L.; project administration, R.-H.Y., C.-J.H. and X.J.; funding acquisition, R.-H.Y., C.-J.H. and X.J. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Figure 1. Location and structural diagram of the crossing section of Huayuan Road and Luzhou Road: (a) plane layout, (b) three-dimensional location diagram of crossing section and (c) structural frame diagram of crossing section.

Figure 1. Location and structural diagram of the crossing section of Huayuan Road and Luzhou Road: (a) plane layout, (b) three-dimensional location diagram of crossing section and (c) structural frame diagram of crossing section.

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Figure 2. Two orthogonal sections of “Huayuan-Luzhou” Crossing Point: (a) Huayuan Road and (b) Luzhou Road (unit: mm).

Figure 2. Two orthogonal sections of “Huayuan-Luzhou” Crossing Point: (a) Huayuan Road and (b) Luzhou Road (unit: mm).

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Figure 3. Construction process of connecting section: (a) pit excavation with supporting pile in Huayuan Road; (b) construction of frame structure in Huayuan Road; (c) excavation of pit in southern connecting part; (d) supporting pile cutting; (e) construction of southern connecting frame structure and (f) construction of northern connecting frame structure.

Figure 3. Construction process of connecting section: (a) pit excavation with supporting pile in Huayuan Road; (b) construction of frame structure in Huayuan Road; (c) excavation of pit in southern connecting part; (d) supporting pile cutting; (e) construction of southern connecting frame structure and (f) construction of northern connecting frame structure.

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Figure 4. Excavation of foundation pit behind supporting pile.

Figure 4. Excavation of foundation pit behind supporting pile.

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Figure 5. Numerical model of tunnel frame structure of Huayuan Road: (a) solid model; (b) tunnel model; (c) entire model.

Figure 5. Numerical model of tunnel frame structure of Huayuan Road: (a) solid model; (b) tunnel model; (c) entire model.

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Figure 6. Comparisons of strain of top slab between numerical simulation and field investigation: (a) Case 2; (b) Case 3 and (c) Case 4 (unit: με).

Figure 6. Comparisons of strain of top slab between numerical simulation and field investigation: (a) Case 2; (b) Case 3 and (c) Case 4 (unit: με).

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Figure 7. Lateral deformation of supporting pile by asymmetric construction method: (a) southern pile and (b) northern pile (unit: mm).

Figure 7. Lateral deformation of supporting pile by asymmetric construction method: (a) southern pile and (b) northern pile (unit: mm).

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Figure 8. The force analysis of supporting pile.

Figure 8. The force analysis of supporting pile.

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Figure 9. Typical analysis section of tunnel frame structure.

Figure 9. Typical analysis section of tunnel frame structure.

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Figure 10. Vertical deformation of structural slab subjected to asymmetric construction: (a) bottom slab and (b) top slab (unit: mm).

Figure 10. Vertical deformation of structural slab subjected to asymmetric construction: (a) bottom slab and (b) top slab (unit: mm).

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Figure 11. Lateral deformation of structural wall subjected to asymmetric construction: (a) northern wall, (b) middle wall and (c) southern wall (unit: mm).

Figure 11. Lateral deformation of structural wall subjected to asymmetric construction: (a) northern wall, (b) middle wall and (c) southern wall (unit: mm).

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Figure 12. Lateral deformation of supporting pile subjected to symmetric construction: (a) southern pile and (b) northern pile (unit: mm).

Figure 12. Lateral deformation of supporting pile subjected to symmetric construction: (a) southern pile and (b) northern pile (unit: mm).

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Figure 13. Vertical deformation of structural slab subjected to symmetric construction: (a) bottom slab and (b) top slab (unit: mm).

Figure 13. Vertical deformation of structural slab subjected to symmetric construction: (a) bottom slab and (b) top slab (unit: mm).

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Figure 14. Lateral deformation of structural wall subjected to symmetric construction: (a) northern wall; (b) middle wall and (c) southern wall (unit: mm).

Figure 14. Lateral deformation of structural wall subjected to symmetric construction: (a) northern wall; (b) middle wall and (c) southern wall (unit: mm).

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Table 1. Parameters of soil layer.

Table 1. Parameters of soil layer.

Layer IDSoil LayerUnit Weight/γ (kN·m−3)Elastic Modulus/E (MPa)Poisson Ratio/νInternal Friction Angle/ϕ (°)Cohesive (kPa)①Miscellaneous fill18.5210.310.05.0②Clay19.2330.315.081.2③Clay19.2420.2815.688.9④Silty clay19.1360.2718.026.7⑤Clay19.3480.2815.897.0⑥Silty clay with silt20.0360.325.020.0⑦Argillaceous sandstone strongly weathered20.5480.330.028.0

Table 2. Parameters of concrete material.

Table 2. Parameters of concrete material.

Unit Weight/γ (kN·m−3)Elastic Modulus/E (MPa)Poisson Ratio/ν26.03.15 × 1040.2

Table 3. Procedure of asymmetrical and symmetrical construction.

Table 3. Procedure of asymmetrical and symmetrical construction.

Asymmetrical ConstructionSymmetrical ConstructionCasesProcedureCasesProcedure1Construction of crossing point1Construction of crossing point2First soil excavation behind southern piles2First soil excavation behind pile on both sides3Second soil excavation behind southern piles3Second soil excavation behind pile on both sides4Southern pile cut4Pile cut5Construction of southern connecting section5Construction of northern connecting section6First soil excavation behind northern piles 7Second soil excavation behind northern piles 8Northern pile cut 9Construction of northern connecting section

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