Cytotoxic alkaloids from the twigs and leaves of Cephalotaxus sinensis

Twelve new Cephalotaxus alkaloids (1–12) and nine known analogues (13–21) were isolated and identified from the twigs and leaves of Cephalotaxus sinensis. The structures of new compounds (1–12) were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Cephalosine H (8) is the third example of cephalolancine skeleton alkaloids. Cephalosines J and K (10–11) are the rare natural Δ(2)1-alkene-6-hydroxyl homoerythrina-type alkaloids isolated from Cephalotaxus genus. The racemization of cephalotaxine-type alkaloids is discussed. Alkaloids 6–7, 11, 16, and 18‒19 showed broad and potent cytotoxicities against five human cancer cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 0.053 to 10.720 μM, highlighting these compounds as promising leads for the development of new antitumor agents.

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