Available online 23 November 2022, 115866

Author links open overlay panelABSTRACT

Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) species are opportunistic pathogens widely distributed in the environment and often infect people with cystic fibrosis (CF). This study aims to determine which genomovars of the Bcc can cause infections in non-CF patients from a tertiary care hospital in Mexico and if they carry virulence factors that could increase their pathogenicity. We identified twenty-three clinical isolates that carry the recA gene. Twenty-two of them belongs to the genomovar V (B. vietnamiensis) and one to the genomovar II (B. multivorans). Thirteen pulsotypes were identified among 22 B. vietnamiensis isolates. All clinical isolates produced biofilm were motile and cytotoxic on murine macrophage-like RAW264.7 and in A549 human lung epithelial cells. In conclusion, B. vietnamiensis causes infections in non-CF patients in a tertiary care hospital in Mexico, rapid identification of this pathogen can help physicians to establish a better antimicrobial treatment.

Section snippetsINTRODUCTION

Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) is a group of closely-related opportunistic pathogens identified from the soil, water, rhizosphere, plant nodules, flowers, or seeds [1]. The Bcc encompasses at least nine species, or genomovars; B. cepacia (genomovar I), B. multivorans (genomovar II), B. cenocepacia (genomovar III), B. stabilis (genomovar IV), B. vietnamiensis, (genomovar V), B. dolosa (genomovar VI), B. amfibia (genomovar VII), B. anthina (genomovar VIII) and B. pyrocinia (genomovar IX) [2].

Bacterial isolates

We identified 25 members of the Bcc with the automated VITEK®2 system (BioMérieux Durham, NC, United States) from 21 patients that attended the Hospital Civil de Guadalajara (HCG), Fray Antonio Alcalde in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico, during the period of February 2017 to October 2019 (Table 1). Patient samples were collected as part of routine hospital care. All bacterial isolates were cryopreserved at -70°C until their use.

Bacterial DNA extraction

Bcc isolates were grown on MacConkey agar plates. One isolated colony

Most of the clinical isolates of the Bcc belong to the genomovar V

During the period February 2017 to October 2019, 25 members of the Bcc were isolated and identified using the automated VITEK®2 System in the Hospital Civil de Guadalajara (HCG), Mexico. All clinical isolates displayed a multidrug resistance profile (Supplementary Fig. 1). To confirm that all isolates are members of Bcc, we amplified the recA gene by PCR, and 23/25 isolates belong to the Bcc (data not shown). Isolates HCG-04 and HCG-13 that do not amplify the recA gene were removed from the

DISCUSSION

Members of the Bcc can cause acute or chronic infection in people with CF; mainly, the most predominant bacterial pathogens that cause bacterial infection in the lungs of individuals affected with CF are B. cenocepacia and B. multivorans [1,17]. Nevertheless, members of the Bcc also can cause bacteremia in non-CF patients [18], through the use of contaminated solutions [19,20], and by the use of injected drugs [21]. Likewise, high clonal diversity and transmission of members of the Bcc in

FUNDING

This work was supported by Programa de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica (UNAM-PAPIIT-DGAPA) grant number IN217721 to MDAC.

DISCLOSURE STATEMENT

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We thank Dr. Miguel A. Valvano for the donation of B. cenocepacia K56-2 and J2315, reference strains used in this work. We thank to Jessica Viridiana Monroy-Molina and Joseline Itzel Meza-Juárez for her help with some experiments.

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