Brinkmann U, Kontermann RE. Bispecific antibodies. Science. 2021;372:916–7.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Krah S, Sellmann C, Rhiel L, Schroter C, Dickgiesser S, Beck J, et al. Engineering bispecific antibodies with defined chain pairing. N. Biotechnol. 2017;39:167–73.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Li H, Er Saw P, Song E. Challenges and strategies for next-generation bispecific antibody-based antitumor therapeutics. Cell Mol Immunol. 2020;17:451–61.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Golay J, Choblet S, Iwaszkiewicz J, Cerutti P, Ozil A, Loisel S, et al. Design and validation of a novel generic platform for the production of tetravalent IgG1-like bispecific antibodies. J Immunol. 2016;196:3199–211.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ha JH, Kim JE, Kim YS. Immunoglobulin Fc heterodimer platform technology: from design to applications in therapeutic antibodies and proteins. Front Immunol. 2016;7:394.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Metz S, Panke C, Haas AK, Schanzer J, Lau W, Croasdale R, et al. Bispecific antibody derivatives with restricted binding functionalities that are activated by proteolytic processing. Protein Eng Des Sel. 2012;25:571–80.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

de Kruif J, Logtenberg T. Leucine zipper dimerized bivalent and bispecific scFv antibodies from a semi-synthetic antibody phage display library. J Biol Chem. 1996;271:7630–4.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kostelny SA, Cole MS, Tso JY. Formation of a bispecific antibody by the use of leucine zippers. J Immunol. 1992;148:1547–53.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Pluckthun A, Pack P. New protein engineering approaches to multivalent and bispecific antibody fragments. Immunotechnology. 1997;3:83–105.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chen Z, Boyken SE, Jia M, Busch F, Flores-Solis D, Bick MJ, et al. Programmable design of orthogonal protein heterodimers. Nature. 2019;565:106–11.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Payne G. Progress in immunoconjugate cancer therapeutics. Cancer Cell. 2003;3:207–12.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Molhoj M, Crommer S, Brischwein K, Rau D, Sriskandarajah M, Hoffmann P, et al. CD19-/CD3-bispecific antibody of the BiTE class is far superior to tandem diabody with respect to redirected tumor cell lysis. Mol Immunol. 2007;44:1935–43.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Roux KH, Strelets L, Michaelsen TE. Flexibility of human IgG subclasses. J Immunol. 1997;159:3372–82.

CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Evans R, O’Neill M, Pritzel A, Antropova N, Senior A, Green T et al. Protein complex prediction with AlphaFold-Multimer 2022: 2021.2010.2004.463034.

Mirdita M, Schutze K, Moriwaki Y, Heo L, Ovchinnikov S, Steinegger M. ColabFold: making protein folding accessible to all. Nat Methods. 2022;19:679–82.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Schneider D, Xiong Y, Hu P, Wu D, Chen W, Ying T, et al. A unique human immunoglobulin heavy chain variable domain-only CD33 CAR for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Front Oncol. 2018;8:539.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Borot F, Wang H, Ma Y, Jafarov T, Raza A, Ali AM, et al. Gene-edited stem cells enable CD33-directed immune therapy for myeloid malignancies. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2019;116:11978–87.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pettersen EF, Goddard TD, Huang CC, Meng EC, Couch GS, Croll TI, et al. UCSF ChimeraX: structure visualization for researchers, educators, and developers. Protein Sci. 2021;30:70–82.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar