Does endometriosis increase the risks of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer?

Elsevier

Available online 7 November 2022

Gynecologic OncologyHighlights•

The risks of endometrial hyperplasia and cancer were found to be higher in women with than without endometriosis.

The risks of endometrial hyperplasia and cancer were greater in women diagnosed with endometriosis before age 45 years.

The risks of endometrial hyperplasia and cancer were more significant in women with endometriosis with BMI < 23 kg/m2.

The risks of endometrial hyperplasia and cancer were greater in women with endometriosis with menarcheal age < 15 years.

The presence of endometriosis did not affect overall survival in women with endometrial cancer.

AbstractObjective

The risk of developing endometrial hyperplasia after diagnosis of endometriosis has not been determined. Moreover, the risk of endometrial cancer associated with endometriosis is unclear. This nationwide population-based study investigated the associations of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer with endometriosis, after adjusting for covariates.

Methods

This population-based observational study analyzed data from the Korean National Health Insurance (NHI) database, including 147,869 women who were diagnosed with endometriosis from 2002 to 2017, with each patient matched to 20 control women without endometriosis. Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) of endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial cancer, and mortality from endometrial cancer.

Results

Among three million women in this population, 16,377 women were diagnosed with endometrial hyperplasia, and 1795 women were diagnosed with endometrial cancer over 19,931,794 person-years of follow-up. Women with endometriosis were at significantly higher risks of endometrial hyperplasia (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.75–1.95), and endometrial cancer (aHR 1.35, 95% CI 1.12–1.63) were compared with control women after adjustment for covariates. A diagnosis of endometriosis did not affect survival in patients with endometrial cancer.

Conclusion

The risks of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer were found to be significantly higher in women with than without endometriosis. The presence of endometriosis did not affect overall survival in women with endometrial cancer. Additional long-term prospective studies with adequate control of confounders are needed.

Keywords

Endometriosis

Endometrial hyperplasia

Endometrial cancer

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