*Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065

†Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065

‡Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY

§Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY

∥Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY

[email protected].

S.S. and T.N. contributed equally to this work.

This work was supported, in part, by the National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute Cancer Center Support Grant P30 CA008748. S.S. is supported by a grant from the Fiona and Stanley Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and the David J. Sugarbaker Fellowship from the American Association for Thoracic Surgery. D.R.J. is supported by grants from the National institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute Cancer (R01CA217169 and R01CA240472). The funders of the study played no role in any aspect of the study or manuscript. Yelena Y. Janjigian has financial relationships with Eli Lilly, ASCO, Michael J. Hennessy Associates, Paradigm Medical Communications, Zymeworks, AstraZe-neca, Daiichi Sankyo, ONO Pharma, Merck, and Bristol Myers Squibb. Steven B. Maron has received travel support from Merck, research support from Genentech/Guardant, and has stock ownership in Calithera. Geoffrey Y. Ku has the following relationships: research funding from Arog, research funding/consulting from AstraZeneca, research funding/consulting from Bristol Myers Squibb, research funding from Daiichi, consulting from Eli Lilly, research funding/consulting from Merck, research funding/consulting from Pieris, and research funding from Zymeworks. Abraham J. Wu has received research grants (institutional) from CivaTech Oncology, personal fees from AstraZe-neca, and a travel grant from AlphaTau Medical. David R. Jones serves as a senior medical advisor for Diffusion Pharmaceuticals and a consultant for AstraZeneca and Merck. Daniela Molena serves as a consultant for Johnson & Johnson, Urogen, and Boston Scientific. All other authors have no conflicts to report.

The above section reports potential conflicts.

Author Contributions: Smita Sihag: Conceptualization, Writing Original Draft, Supervision. Tamar Nobel: Data Curation. Meier Hsu: Methodology, Software, Formal Analysis. Sergio De La Torre: Data Curation, Validation. Kay See Tan: Methodology, Supervision. Yelena Y. Janjigian: Review and Editing. Geoffrey Y. Ku: Review and Editing. Laura H. Tang: Methodology, Review and Editing. Abraham J. Wu: Review and Editing. Steven B. Maron: Review and Editing. Manjit S. Bains: Review and Editing. David R. Jones: Project administration, Review and Editing. Daniela Molena: Conceptualization, Supervision, Review and Editing, Investigation Resources.

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