*Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX

†Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX

‡Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX

§International Center for Surgical Safety, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada

∥Stanford University, Stanford CA

¶Perioperative Services, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX

T.G. and V.P. are employees of Surgical Safety Technologies; V.P. is Surgical Safety Technologies, Inc; T.G. is Surgical Safety Technologies, Inc; H.Z. is chair of the Scientific Advisory Board for Surgical Safety Technologies. The remaining authors report no conflicts of interest.

A.I.A. has contributed to design, data acquisition, analysis and preparation of the manuscript; critical revision; and provided final approval for publication. G.S. has contributed to design and preparation of the manuscript, critical revision, and provided final approval for publication. P.M.P. has contributed to design and preparation of the manuscript, critical revision, and provided final approval for publication. J.A.D. has contributed to design and preparation of the manuscript, critical revision, and provided final approval for publication. W.D. has contributed to design and preparation of the manuscript, critical revision, and provided final approval for publication. V.P. has contributed to design, data acquisition, analysis, and critical revision of the manuscript and provided final approval for publication. T.G. has contributed to design, data acquisition, analysis, and critical revision of the manuscript and provided final approval for publication. S.B. has contributed to design and preparation of the manuscript, critical revision, and provided final approval for publication. P.D. has contributed to design, data acquisition, analysis, and critical revision of the manuscript and provided final approval for publication. K.E. has contributed to design, data acquisition, analysis, and critical revision of the manuscript and provided final approval for publication. H.J.Z. has contributed to design, data acquisition, analysis, and preparation of the manuscript; critical revision; and provided final approval for publication.

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