From the *University of Iowa, Stead Family Children’s Hospital, Iowa City, IA

†The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

the ‡Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH

the §Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA

the ‖Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX

the ¶Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH

the #Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON

the **Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA

the ††University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX

the ‡‡Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA

the §§Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN

the ‖‖Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada

the ¶¶School of Women’s and Children’s Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales and Sydney Children’s Hospital Randwick Sydney, Sydney, Australia

the ##University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA

the ***University of Minnesota Masonic Children’s Hospital, Minneapolis, MN

the †††Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA

the ‡‡‡Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), Bethesda, MD

the §§§Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

the ‖‖‖Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel

the ¶¶¶Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

the ###Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.

Received December 16, 2021; accepted July 31, 2022.

Sources of Funding: Research reported in this publication was supported by National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health under award numbers 2U01 DK108334, 2U01 DK108328, R01 DK118752. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.

M.E.L. is on the Board of Directors of the National Pancreas Association and receives royalties from Millipore Inc and UpToDate. T.G. received a research grant from Vertex Pharmaceuticals, and she is a consultant for Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (CFF). A.U. is a member of American Board of Pediatrics, Subboard of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Associate Editor of Pancreatology, and consultant for CFF. S.J.S. is a consultant for UpToDate, Nestle, Abbvie, and the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, and she has a grant from Gilead. V.D.M. is an Associate Editor for JPGN Reports. The remaining authors report no conflicts of interest.

Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text, and links to the digital files are provided in the HTML text of this article on the journal’s Web site (www.jpgn.org).

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Aliye Uc, MD, Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Health Care, 200 Hawkins Drive, BT 1120, Iowa City, IA 52242 (e-mail: [email protected]).