From the *Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Minnesota Masonic Children’s Hospital, Minneapolis, MN

the †Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH

the ‡Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI

the §Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI

the ‖Department of Radiology, Emory University School of Medicine and Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Egleston, Atlanta, GA

the ¶Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Emory University School of Medicine, and Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA

the #Division of Pediatric Radiology, Children’s Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO

the **Pediatric Radiology, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN

the ††Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, John Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD

the ‡‡Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston TX

the §§Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

the ‖‖Division Radiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston TX

the ¶¶Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN

the ##Pediatric Institute, Cleveland Clinic and Cleveland Clinic Children’s, Cleveland, OH

the ***Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto and Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada

the †††Division of Pediatric Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH

the ‡‡‡Department of Radiology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA

the §§§Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, John Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD

the ‖‖‖Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO

the ¶¶¶Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH

the ###Digestive Health Institute, Children’s Hospital Colorado and Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO

the ****Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital, Chicago, IL.

Received April 19, 2022; accepted July 14, 2022.

Sources of Funding: Funded by grants from the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (NARKEW17AB0 [to M.R.N.]) and NIDDK (U01 DK062453 [to M.R.N.] and U01 DK 062456 [to J.P.M.]).

S.J.S. serves as a consultant for Nestle, UpToDate, and AbbVie. A.J.F. has grant/research support through Travere Therapeutics and Allergan; serves as an advisor for Abbvie and Takeda. W.K. has received research grants from Gilead Sciences and Albireo Pharma; serves as an advisor for Mirum and Travere Therapeutics. D.H.L. has grant/research support from Abbvie, Gilead, and Mirum; serves as a consultant for Gilead, Vertex, and Merck. S.C.L. receives research funding from Abbvie and Gilead and serves as a consultant for Abbvie JPM has research funding from Gillead, Abbvie, Albireo, Mirum. K.F.M. is a consultant for Albireo and Gilead. M.R.N. serves as a consultant for Vertex, has received research grants from Gilead, AbbVie, and has a family member with stock in Merck. The remaining authors report no conflicts of interest.

The list of members of CFLD NET are as follows: Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta: A. Jay Freeman, MD, MSc, Rene Romero, MD, Adina L. Alazraki, MD, FAAP: Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Wikrom W. Karnsakul, MD, FAASLD, Shruti M. Paranjape, MD, Emily Dunn; Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Estella M. Alonso, MD, Susanna McColley, MD, Jennifer L. Nicholas, MD; Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Joseph J. Palermo, MD, PhD, Assem G. Ziady, PhD, Alexander J. Towbin, MD; Children’s Hospital Colorado, Michael R. Narkewicz, MD, Roger K. Harned, MD; Texas Children’s Hospital, Daniel H. Leung, MD, FAASLD, Prakash Masand, MD; Riley Hospital for Children/Indiana University, Jean P. Molleston, MD, Molly Bozic, MD, Boaz W. Karmazyn, MD; University of Minnesota Masonic Children’s Hospital, Sarah Jane Schwarzenberg, MD, Glenn F. Seidel, MD; Washington University School of Medicine, Janis Stoll, MD, Sakil Kulkarni, MD, Marilyn Siegel, MD; Seattle Children’s Hospital, Nicole Green, MD, Karen Murray, MD, Randolph K. Otto, MD; The Hospital for Sick Children, Simon C. Ling, MBChB, Oscar M. Navarro, MD; University of Michigan, John C. Magee, MD, Wen Ye, PhD; NIDDK, Edward Doo, MD, Averell H. Sherker, MD, FRCPC.

Trial identification number: Clinical Trials.gov: ; funding from National Institute of Health.

Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text, and links to the digital files are provided in the HTML text of this article on the journal’s Web site (www.jpgn.org).

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Sarah Jane Schwarzenberg, MD, University of Minnesota Masonic Children’s Hospital, Academic Office Building, 2450 Riverside Ave S AO-201, Minneapolis, MN 55454 (e-mail: [email protected]).