Management of Gynecomastia and Male Benign Diseases

Clinical practice. Gynecomastia.

N Engl J Med. 357: 1229-1237

Gynecomastia: pathophysiology, evaluation, and management.

Mayo Clin Proc. 84: 1010-1015Mathur R. Braunstein G.D.

Gynecomastia: pathomechanisms and treatment strategies.

Horm Res. 48: 95-102Kanakis G.A. Nordkap L. Bang A.K. et al.

EAA clinical practice guidelines-gynecomastia evaluation and management.

Andrology. 7: 778-793Nydick M. Bustos J. Dale Jr., J.H. et al.

Gynecomastia in adolescent boys.

JAMA. 178: 449-454Moore D.C. Schlaepfer L.V. Paunier L. et al.

Hormonal changes during puberty: V. Transient pubertal gynecomastia: abnormal androgen-estrogen ratios.

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 58: 492-499Biro F.M. Lucky A.W. Huster G.A. et al.

Hormonal studies and physical maturation in adolescent gynecomastia.

J Pediatr. 116: 450-455https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3476(05)82843-4

What Accounts for the Increased Incidence of Gynecomastia Diagnosis in Denmark from 1998–2017?.

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 105: e3810-e3811Mieritz M.G. Christiansen P. Jensen M.B. et al.

Gynaecomastia in 786 adult men: clinical and biochemical findings.

Eur J Endocrinol. 176: 555-566

Gynecomastia as a physical finding in normal men.

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 48: 338-340Niewoehner C.B. Nuttal F.Q.

Gynecomastia in a hospitalized male population.

Am J Med. 77: 633-638Georgiadis E. Papandreou L. Evangelopoulou C. et al.

Incidence of gynaecomastia in 954 young males and its relationship to somatometric parameters.

Ann Hum Biol. 21: 579-587DUNN J.F. NISULA B.C. RODBARD D.

Transport of steroid hormones: binding of 21 endogenous steroids to both testosterone-binding globulin and corticosteroid-binding globulin in human plasma.

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 53: 58-68

Physiology of the testosterone-binding globulin in man.

Ann N Y Acad Sci. 538: 103-111Deepinder F. Braunstein G.D.

Drug-induced gynecomastia: an evidence-based review.

Expert Opin Drug Saf. 11: 779-795Ramsey J.T. Li Y. Arao Y. et al.

Lavender products associated with premature thelarche and prepubertal gynecomastia: case reports and endocrine-disrupting chemical activities.

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 104: 5393-5405

Malata CM and Wong KY. Gynecomastia Surgery. In: Nahabedian MY and Neligan PC. Plastic Surgery.

Gynecomastia.

in: Papadakis M.A. McPhee S.J. Rabow M.W. Current medical diagnosis & treatment. Sansone A. Romanelli F. Sansone M. et al.

Gynecomastia and hormones.

Endocrine. 55 (): 37-44

Gynecomastia.

Am Fam Physician. 85 (): 716-722Brown R.H. Chang D.K. Siy R. et al.

Trends in the surgical correction of gynecomastia.

Semin Plast Surg. 29: 122-130Muñoz Carrasco R. Alvarez Benito M. Muñoz Gomariz E. et al.

Mammography and ultrasound in the evaluation of male breast disease.

Eur Radiol. 20 (): 2797-2805

Core needle biopsy in male breast lesions.

J Clin Pathol. 56 (): 863-865Janes S.E. Lengyel J.A. Singh S. et al.

Needle core biopsy for the assessment of unilateral breast masses in men.

Breast. 15 (): 273-275Lawrence S.E. Faught K.A. Vethamuthu J. et al.

Beneficial effects of raloxifene and tamoxifen in the treatment of pubertal gynecomastia.

J Pediatr. 145 (): 71-76

Chapter 384: Disorders of the Testes and Male Reproductive System. In: Jameson JL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Loscalzo J. Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. 20th edition.

Gruntmanis U. Braunstein G.D.

Treatment of gynecomastia.

Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2 (): 643-649Baumgarten L. Dabaja A.A.

Diagnosis and management of gynecomastia for urologists.

Curr Urol Rep. 19 (): 46Nguyen P.L. Alibhai S.M. Basaria S. et al.

Adverse effects of androgen deprivation therapy and strategies to mitigate them.

Eur Urol. 67 (): 825-836Schröder L. Rudlowski C. Walgenbach-Brünagel G. et al.

Surgical strategies in the treatment of gynecomastia grade I-II: the combination of liposuction and subcutaneous mastectomy provides excellent patient outcome and satisfaction.

Breast care (Basel, Switzerland). 10: 184-188EAA Clin Pract guidelines-gynecomastia Eval Manag. 7: 778-793Rohrich R.J. Ha R.Y. Kenkel J.M. et al.

Classification and management of gynecomastia: defining the role of ultrasound-assisted liposuction.

Plast Reconstr Surg. 111 (): 909-923Zavlin D. Jubbal K.T. Friedman J.D. et al.

Complications and outcomes after gynecomastia surgery: analysis of 204 pediatric and 1583 adult cases from a national multi-center database.

Aesthetic Plast Surg. 41: 761-767Simon B.E. Hoffman S. Kahn S.

Classification and surgical correction of gynecomastia.

Plast Reconstr Surg. 51: 48-52Longheu A. Medas F. Corrias F. et al.

Surgical management of gynecomastia: experience of a general surgery center.

Il Giornale di chirurgia. 37: 150-154Holzmer S.W. Lewis P.G. Landau M.J. et al.

Surgical management of gynecomastia: a comprehensive review of the literature.

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob open. 8: e3161-eMett T.R. Pfeiler P.P. Luketina R. et al.

Surgical treatment of gynaecomastia: a standard of care in plastic surgery.

Eur J Plast Surg. 43: 389-398de Souza Pinto E.B. Chiarello de Souza Pinto Abdala P. Montecinos Maciel C. et al.

Liposuction and VASER.

Clin Plast Surg. 33: 107-115

Mastectomy for Gynecomastia Through a Semicircular Intra-areolar Incision.

Ann Surg. 124: 557-575

Pull-through": a new technique for breast reduction in gynecomastia.

Plast Reconstr Surg. 97: 450-454Bailey S.H. Guenther D. Constantine F. et al.

Gynecomastia Management: An Evolution and Refinement in Technique at UT Southwestern Medical Center.

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob open. 4: e734

Orange Peel excision of gland: a novel surgical technique for treatment of gynecomastia.

Ann Plast Surg. 77: 615-619Thiénot S. Bertheuil N. Carloni R. et al.

Postero-inferior pedicle surgical technique for the treatment of grade iii gynecomastia.

Aesthetic Plast Surg. 41: 531-541Fentiman I.S. Fourquet A. Hortobagyi G.N.

Male breast cancer.

Lancet (London, England). 367: 595-604

Surgical management of gynecomastia: 20 years’ experience.

Scand J Surg. 103: 41-45Steele S.R. Martin M.J. Place R.J.

Gynecomastia: complications of the subcutaneous mastectomy.

Am surgeon. 68: 210-213Fricke A. Lehner G.M. Stark G.B. et al.

Gynecomastia: histological appearance in different age groups.

J Plast Surg Hand Surg. 52: 166-171Colombo-Benkmann M. Buse B. Stern J. et al.

Indications for and results of surgical therapy for male gynecomastia.

Am J Surg. 178: 60-63Azimi N. Azar A. Khan A. et al.

Benign breast cyst in a young male.

Cureus. 11: e4814-e

Benign cyst of the male breast. An exceedingly rare entity that may pose a diagnostic dilemma. Management and literature review.

Breast Dis. 40: 207-211 ()Breast cyst. [Updated 2021 Dec 13]. StatPearls [Internet], Treasure Island (FL) ()Parsian S. Rahbar H. Rendi M.H. et al.

Benign breast cyst without associated gynecomastia in a male patient: a case report.

J Radiol Case Rep. 5: 35-40Draghi F. Tarantino C.C. Madonia L. et al.

Ultrasonography of the male breast.

J Ultrasound. 14: 122-129Berg W.A. Sechtin A.G. Marques H. et al.

Cystic breast masses and the ACRIN 6666 experience.

Radiol Clin North Am. 48: 931-987Maimone S. Ocal I.T. Robinson K.A. et al.

Characteristics and Management of Male Breast Parenchymal Cysts.

J Breast Imaging. 2: 330-335Iuanow E. Kettler M. Slanetz P.J.

Spectrum of Disease in the Male Breast.

Am J Roentgenol. 196: W247-W259D’Orsi C.J. Sickles E.A. Mendelson E.B. et al.

ACR BI-RADS®Atlas, breast imaging reporting and data system.

American College of Radiology, Reston, VAKinoshita H. Kashiwagi S. Teraoka H. et al.

Intracystic papillary carcinoma of the male breast: a case report.

World J Surg Oncol. 16: 15Tochika N. Takano A. Yoshimoto T. et al.

Intracystic carcinoma of the male breast: report of a case.

Surg Today. 31: 806-809Sinha S. Hughes R.G. Ryley N.G.

Papillary carcinoma in a male breast cyst: a diagnostic challenge.

Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 88: W3-W5Ravichandran D. Carty N.J. al-Talib R.K. et al.

Cystic carcinoma of the breast: a trap for the unwary.

Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 77: 123-126Chau A. Jafarian N. Rosa M.

Male breast: clinical and imaging evaluations of benign and malignant entities with histologic correlation.

Am J Med. 129: 776-791

Benign skin lesions: lipomas, epidermal inclusion cysts, muscle and nerve biopsies.

Surg Clin North Am Jun. 89: 677-687

Benign skin neoplasms.

Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 21: 21-32Amber K.T. Ovadia S. Camacho I.

Injection therapy for the management of superficial subcutaneous lipomas.

J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 7: 46-48Gaucher S. Maladry D. Silitra A.M. et al.

Removal of subcutaneous lipomas: Interest of liposuction.

J Cosmet Dermatol. 16: 400-401Copeland-Halperin L.R. Pimpinella V. Copeland M.

Combined liposuction and excision of lipomas: long-term evaluation of a large sample of patients.

Plast Surg Int. 2015: 625396Maciolek L.M. Harmon T.S. He J. et al.

Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia of the breast: a rare finding in a male patient.

Cureus. 11 (): e4923Bowman E. Oprea G. Okoli J. et al.

Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) of the breast: a series of 24 patients.

Breast J. 18: 242-247Jaunoo S.S. Thrush S. Dunn P.

Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH): a brief review.

Int J Surg. 9: 20-22AlSharif S. Alshamrani K.M. Scaranelo A. et al.

Unusual Male Breast Lesions.

J Clin Imaging Sci. 11 (): 21Lattin Jr., G.E. Jesinger R.A. Mattu R. et al.

From the radiologic pathology archives: diseases of the male breast: radiologic-pathologic correlation.

Radiographics. 33: 461-489https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.332125208Hughes L.L. Styblo T.M. Thoms W.W. et al.

Cellulitis of the breast as a complication of breast-conserving surgery and irradiation.

Am J Clin Oncol. 20: 338-341Mertz K.R. Baddour L.M. Bell J.L. et al.

Breast cellulitis following breast conservation therapy: a novel complication of medical progress.

Clin Infect Dis. 26: 481-486Rescigno J. McCormick B. Brown A.E. et al.

Breast cellulitis after conservative surgery and radiotherapy.

Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 29: 163-168Zippel D. Siegelmann-Danieli N. Ayalon S. et al.

Delayed breast cellulitis following breast conserving operation.

Eur J Surg Oncol. 29: 327-330Peters F. Petersen E.E. Kirkpatrick C.J.

Isolated erythema (cellulitis) of the breast.

Breast. 11: 484-488Rahmouni A. Chosidow O. Mathieu D. et al.

MR imaging in acute infectious cellulitis.

Radiology. 192: 493-496Miller L.G. Quan C. Shay A. et al.

A prospective investigation of outcomes after hospital discharge for endemic, community-acquired methicillin-resistant and -susceptible Staphylococcus aureus skin infection.

Clin Infect Dis. 44: 483-492

Treatment of breast infection.

BMJ. 342 (): d396Bharat A. Gao F. Aft R.L. et al.

Predictors of primary breast abscesses and recurrence.

World J Surg. 33: 2582-2586

Breast abscess.

Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 68: 315-320Christensen A.F. Al-Suliman N. Nielsen K.R. et al.

Ultrasound-guided drainage of breast abscesses: results in 151 patients.

Br J Radiol. 78: 186-188Fitch M.T. Manthey D.E. McGinnis H.D. et al.

Videos in clinical medicine. abscess incision and drainage.

N Engl J Med. 357: e20

Evidence-based approach to abscess management.

Can Fam Physician. 53: 1680-1684Leach R.D. Eykyn S.J. Phillips I. et al.

Anaerobic subareolar breast abscess.

Lancet. 1: 35-37Janis J.E. Khansa L. Khansa I.

Strategies for postoperative seroma prevention: a systematic review.

Plast Reconstr Surg. 138: 240-252Marangi G.F. Segreto F. Morelli Coppola M. et al.

Management of chronic seromas: a novel surgical approach with the use of vacuum assisted closure therapy.

Int Wound J. 17: 1153-1158

Postmastectomy seromas and wound drainage.

Surg Gynecol Obstet. 165: 483-487Andrades P. Prado A. Danilla S. et al.

Progressive tension sutures in the prevention of postabdominoplasty seroma: a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial.

Plast Reconstr Surg. 120: 935-946Shamley D.R. Barker K. Simonite V. et al.

Delayed versus immediate exercises following surgery for breast cancer: a systematic review.

Breast Cancer Res Treat. 90: 263-271Yilmaz K.B. Dogan L. Nalbant H. et al.

Comparing scalpel, electrocautery and ultrasonic dissector effects: the impact on wound complications and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in wound fluid from mastectomy patients.

J Breast Cancer. 14: 58-63Di Martino M. Nahas F.X. Barbosa M.V.J. et al.

Seroma in lipoabdominoplasty and abdominoplasty: a comparative study using ultrasound.

Plast Reconstr Surg. 126: 1742-1751https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181efa6c5Vidal P. Berner J.E. Will P.A.

Managing complications in abdominoplasty: a literature review.

Arch Plast Surg. 44: 457-468

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