Anti-HBcore prevalence study in Kazakhstan

Abstract

Introduction. Kazakhstan is being considered as one of the countries that is medium-endemic for HBV infection. HBV remains the infection transmissible by direct exposure to infected blood or organic fluids. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of anti-HBcore and the risk factors impacting positive anti-HBcore markers among donors at Scientific and Production Center of Transfusiology, the Ministry of the Healthcare of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Materials and Methods. The samples taken from blood donors were tested for anti-HBcore, by CLIA on the Architect i2000SR (ABBOTT). In case of positive anti-HBcore, the blood samples were further tested for anti-HBs by CLIA on the Architect i2000SR (ABBOTT. ALT indicators were tested by kinetic method on the Biosystems A25. Statistical analysis was conducted by the R software (version 4.1.1, USA, 2021). Results. 5709 people aged 18 to 66 years included in the study, the proportion of men and women was 68.17% and 31.83%, respectively. The average age of the participants was 35.7. The prevalence of anti-HBcore among donors was 17.2% (983). Among participants with elevated ALT (170), this marker was determined in 23%, and in donors with normal levels of ALT (5539) - 17%. Participants with positive anti-HBcore scores were on average older (41.8 vs 34.4 years, p<0.001) and Kazakh (88.7% vs 83.0%, p<0.001) by nationality than study participants with negative results anti-HBcore respectively. Conclusions. Anti-HBcore prevalence in Kazakhstan (17.2%) compared to other countries (Croatia 7%, France 7%, Germany 9%, Iran 16%, Malaysia 20% respectively) remains above average (8% and more). Given the prevalence of HBV and risk factors, it is recommended to include an additional anti-HBcore marker in the mandatory screening of donated blood in the country and improve preventive measures to prevent HBV transmission by blood transfusions.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Funding Statement

This research was supported by a grant from Abbott Laboratories, Chicago, USA

Author Declarations

I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained.

Yes

The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below:

Scientific and Production Center of Transfusiology of the Ministry of Healthcare in Kazakhstan, Ethics commission decision of EC#5, 20 August 2020

I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals.

Yes

I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance).

Yes

I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material as supplementary files, if applicable.

Yes

Data Availability

All original data are available at the Scientific and Production Center of Transfusiology of the Ministry of Healthcare in Kazakhstan.

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