Conflict of interest

Shigehisa Kitano reports remuneration from ImmuniT Research Inc; honoraria from Ono Pharmaceutical, Bristol Myers Squibb, Astra Zeneca, Chugai, MSD, and Pfizer; and research funds from Eisai, REGENERON, Boehringer Ingelheim, Astellas Pharma, Gilead Sciences, Daiichi Sankyo, Takara Bio, Ono Pharmaceutical, PACT Pharma, Chugai, and MSD. Yutaka Fujiwara reports research funding from Bristol-Myers Squibb and Chugai; and honoraria from Astra Zeneca, Chugai, Daiichi Sankyo, Novartis, ONO Pharmaceutical, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, and Pfizer, outside the submitted work. Toshio Shimizu reports research funds from Novartis, Eli Lilly, Daiichi-Sankyo, Bristol Myers Squibb, AbbVie, Eisai, AstraZeneca, Takeda Oncology, Incyte, Chordia Therapeutics, 3D-Medicine, Symbio Pharmaceuticals, PharmaMar, Pfizer, Five Prime and Astellas Pharma. Satoru Iwasa has nothing to disclose. Kan Yonemori reports lecture fees from Eisai, Taiho, Pfizer, Eli Lilly, AstraZeneca, Takeda, Fuji Film, and Chugai; is an advisor for Takeda, Eisai, Novartis, Chugai, Ono, and AstraZeneca; has received grants for clinical trials from MSD, Daiichi-Sankyo, AstraZeneca, Taiho, Pfizer, Novartis, Takeda, Chugai, Ono, Sanofi, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Genmab, Boehringer Ingelheim, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, and Nihon Kayaku. Shunsuke Kondo has nothing to disclose. Akihiko Shimomura reports honoraria from Chugai Pharmaceutical and Eli-Lilly Japan, and research funds from Chugai Pharmaceutical, AstraZeneca, Daiichi Sankyo, and Taiho Pharmaceutical. Takafumi Koyama reports honoraria from Sysmex. Takahiro Ebata has nothing to disclose. Hiroki Ikezawa is an employee of Eisai Co., Ltd. Nozomi Hayata is an employee of Eisai Co., Ltd. Yukinori Minoshima is an employee of Eisai Co., Ltd. Tomoki Kubota is an employee of Eisai Co., Ltd. Takuma Miura is an employee of Eisai Co., Ltd. Noboru Yamamoto reports honoraria from Chugai, Pfizer and Sysmex; and research funds from Astellas, Chugai, Eisai, Taiho, BMS, Pfizer, Novartis, Eli Lilly, AbbVie, Daiichi-Sankyo, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Kyowa-Hakko Kirin, Takeda, ONO, Janssen Pharma, MSD, MERCK, GSK, Sumitomo Dainippon, Chiome Bioscience, Otsuka, Carna Biosciences, and Genmab.

Ethical approval

The study protocol was approved by relevant institutional review boards and conducted in accordance with the principles of the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki and Japan’s Good Clinical Practice. The protocol, informed consent form, and appropriate related documents were reviewed by the Institutional Review Board of National Cancer Center, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.

Consent to participate

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Consent to publish

Not applicable.