Hemifacial Spasm Caused by Distal Neurovascular Compression Confirmed by Lateral Spread Response Monitoring

*Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu

†Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

The authors report no conflicts of interest.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Yili Chen, PhD, MD, Department of Neuros urgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang, 322000, P.R. China; E-mail: [email protected]

Supplemental Digital Content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's website, www.jcraniofacialsurgery.com.

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