aDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania

bChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia

cCenter for Leadership and Innovation in Medical Education

dCenter for Simulation, Advanced Education and Innovation, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

ePenn Center for Perioperative Outcomes Research and Transformation

fLeonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

Correspondence to Rodrigo J. Daly Guris, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. E-mail: [email protected]