Neurocognitive mechanisms underlying multiplication and subtraction performance in adults and skill development in children: a scoping review

ElsevierVolume 48, December 2022, 101228Current Opinion in Behavioral SciencesHighlights•

Verbal and quantity mechanisms are differently engaged by multiplication and subtraction.

Recruitment of quantity mechanisms by multiplication is associated with smaller gains.

Recruitment of verbal mechanisms had no effect in explaining subtraction gains.

Higher structural integrity of verbal regions underly better multiplication skill in children.

Higher structural integrity of verbal regions was associated with smaller subtraction gains.

Many studies investigating the brain correlates of arithmetic processing have either focused on a single operation (e.g. addition), or have averaged brain activation across different operations, a practice that washes away operation-specific effects. This review focuses on the processing of two fundamental operations (i.e. multiplication and subtraction), summarizes recent neuroimaging evidence on the role of the verbal and quantity mechanisms that underlie adults’ performance on these operations, and covers the role of these mechanisms in explaining longitudinal gains in typically developing children. Overall, evidence supports that recruitment of verbal mechanisms is important for explaining single-digit multiplication performance and gains, whereas recruitment of quantity mechanisms is crucial for explaining performance and gains in single-digit subtraction.

© 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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