Surgical Principles in the Management of Lung Neuroendocrine Tumors: Open Questions and Controversial Technical Issues

Detterbeck FC. Management of carcinoid tumors. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010;89:998–1005.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Caplin ME, Baudin E, Ferolla P, Filosso P, Garcia-Yuste M, Lim E, Oberg K, Pelosi G, Perren A, Rossi RE, Travis WD, Bartsch D, Capdevila J, Costa F, Cwikla J, de Herder W, Delle Fave G, Eriksson B, Falconi M, et al. Pulmonary neuroendocrine (carcinoid) tumors: European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society expert consensus and recommendations for best practice for typical and atypical pulmonary carcinoids. Ann Oncol. 2015;26:1604–20.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Modlin IM, Lye KD, Kidd M. A 5-decade analysis of 13715 carcinoid tumors. Cancer. 2003;97:934–59.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Board W. Thoracic Tumours: WHO Classification of Tumours. 5th ed. International Agency for Research on Cancer: Lyon (France); 2021.

Google Scholar 

Asamura H, Kameya T, Matsuno Y, Noguchi M, Tada H, Ishikawa Y, Yokose T, Jiang SX, Inoue T, Nakagawa K, Tajima K, Nagai K. Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the lung: a prognostic spectrum. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24:70–6. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2005.04.1202.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Varlotto JM, Medford-Davis LN, Recht A, Flickinger JC, Schaefer E, Zander DS, DeCamp MM. Should large cell neuroendocrine lung carcinoma be classified and treated as a small cell lung cancer or with other large cell carcinomas? J Thorac Oncol. 2011;6:1050–8. https://doi.org/10.1097/JTO.0b013e318217b6f8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fink G, Krelbaum T, Yellin A, Bendayan D, Saute M, Glazer M, Kramer MR. Pulmonary carcinoid: presentation, diagnosis, and outcome in 142 cases in Israel and review of 640 cases from the literature. Chest. 2001;119:1647–51.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

• Brown LM, Cooke DT, Jett JR, David EA. Extent of resection and lymph node assessment for clinical stage T1aN0M0 typical carcinoid tumors. Ann Thorac Surg. 2018;105(1):207–13 This reference is of importance because includes a large population of patients with TCs, showing the impact of the extent of resection on survival, being the first to also address the issue of how lymph node dissection changes in function of the extent of resection of the primary tumor.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Filosso PL, Guerrera F, Evangelista A, Welter S, Thomas P, Casado PM, Rendina EA, Venuta F, Ampollini L, Brunelli A, Stella F, Nosotti M, Raveglia F, Larocca V, Rena O, Margaritora S, Ardissone F, Travis WD, Sarkaria I, et al. Prognostic model of survival for typical bronchial carcinoid tumours: Analysis of 1109 patients on behalf of the European Association of Thoracic Surgeons (ESTS) Neuroendocrine Tumours Working Group. Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg. 2015;48:441–7. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejcts/ezu495.

Article  Google Scholar 

Steuer CE, Behera M, Kim S, Chen Z, Saba NF, Pillai RN, Owonikoko TK, Khuri FR, Ramalingam SS. Atypical carcinoid tumor of the lung: A surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database analysis. J. Thorac. Oncol. 2015;10:479–85.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cardillo G, Sera F, Di Martino M, Graziano P, Giunti R, Carbone L, et al. Bronchial carcinoid tumors: Nodal status and long-term survival after resection. Ann Thorac Surg. 2004;77:1781–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2003.10.089.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Öberg K, Hellman P, Ferolla P, Papotti M. Neuroendocrine bronchial and thymic tumors: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2012;23:vii120–3.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

National Comprehensive Cancer Network. 2017 NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Neuroendocrine Tumors. Version 3; NCCN: Plymouth Meeting, PA, USA; 2017.

Rea F, Rizzardi G, Zuin A, Marulli G, Nicotra S, Bulf R, Schiavon M, Sartori F. Outcome and surgical strategy in bronchial carcinoid tumors: Single institution experience with 252 patients. Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg. 2007;31:186–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejcts.2006.10.040.

Article  Google Scholar 

Filosso PL, Oliaro A, Ruffini E, Bora G, Lyberis P, Asioli S, Delsedime L, Sandri A, Guerrera F. Outcome and prognostic factors in bronchial carcinoids: a single-center experience. J Thorac Oncol. 2013;8:1282–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Daddi N, Schiavon M, Filosso PL, Cardillo G, Ambrogi MC, De Palma A, et al. Prognostic factors in a multicentre study of 247 atypical pulmonary carcinoids. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2014;45:677–86.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

•• Kunz PL, Reidy-Lagunes D, Anthony LB, Bertin EM, Brendtro K, et al. Consensus Guidelines for the Management and Treatment of Neuroendocrine Tumors. In: NANETS GUIDELINES. 2020. https://nanets.net/images/2020_Guidelines_Compendium.pdf. Accessed 20 Sept 2022. This reference is of outstanding importance because includes recent consensus guidelines for the optimal management of TCs.

•• Singh S, Bergsland EK, Card CM, Hope TA, Kunz PL, Laidley DT, et al. Commonwealth Neuroendocrine Tumour Research Collaboration and the North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Lung Neuroendocrine Tumors: An International Collaborative Endorsement and Update of the 2015 European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society Expert Consensus Guidelines. J Thorac Oncol. 2020;15:1577–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2020.06.021 This reference is of outstanding importance because includes recent consensus guidelines for the optimal management of TCs.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

•• Shah MH, Goldner WS, Benson AB, Bergsland E, Blaszkowsky LS, Brock P, et al. Neuroendocrine and Adrenal Tumors, Version 2.2021, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2021;19:839–68. https://doi.org/10.6004/jnccn.2021.0032 This reference is of outstanding importance because includes recent consensus guidelines for the optimal management of TCs.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Stamatis G, Freitag L, Greschuchna D. Limited and radical resection for tracheal and bronchopulmonary carcinoid tumour. Report on 227 cases. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 1990;4:527–32.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Furqan M, Tien YY, Schroeder MC, et al. Lobar versus sub-lobar surgery for pulmonary typical carcinoid, a population-based analysis. J Thorac Dis. 2018;10:5850–9. https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2018.09.141.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Filosso PL, Guerrera F, Falco NR, Thomas P, Garcia Yuste M, Rocco G, Welter S, Moreno Casado P, Rendina EA, Venuta F, Ampollini L, Nosotti M, Raveglia F, Rena O, Stella F, Larocca V, Ardissone F, Brunelli A, Margaritora S, et al. Anatomical resections are superior to wedge resections for overall survival in patients with Stage 1 typical carcinoids. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2019;55:273–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rahouma M, Kamel M, Narula N, et al. Role of wedge resection in bronchial carcinoid (BC) tumors: SEER database analysis. J Thorac Dis. 2019;11:1355–62. https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2019.03.89.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Yan T, Wang K, Liu J, Zeng Y, Bie F, Wang G, du J. Wedge resection is equal to segmental resection for pulmonary typical carcinoid patients at localized stage: a population-based analysis. PeerJ. 2019;7:e7519. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7519.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cattoni M, Vallières E, Brown LM, Sarkeshik AA, Margaritora S, Siciliani A, Filosso PL, Guerrera F, Imperatori A, Rotolo N, Farjah F, Wandell G, Costas K, Mann C, Hubka M, Kaplan S, Farivar AS, Aye RW, Louie BE. Sublobar Resection in the Treatment of Peripheral Typical Carcinoid Tumors of the Lung. Ann Thorac Surg. 2019;108:859–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2019.04.005.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

• Bachman KC, Worrell SG, Linden PA, Gray KE, Argote-Greene LM, Towe CW. Wedge Resection Offers Similar Survival to Segmentectomy for Typical Carcinoid Tumors. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2022;34:293–8. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semtcvs.2021.03.005 This reference is of importance because it shows recent and updated results on the impact of extent of resection on survival for patients TCs.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rea F, Binda R, Spreafico G, Calabrò F, Bonavina L, Cipriani A, di Vittorio G, Fassina A, Sartori F. Bronchial carcinoids: a review of 60 patients. Ann Thorac Surg. 1989;47:1410–4.

Article  Google Scholar 

Cavaliere S, Foccoli P, Toninelli C. Curative bronchoscopic laser therapy for surgically resectable tracheobronchial tumors. J Bronchol. 2002;9:90–5.

Article  Google Scholar 

Sutedja TG, Schreurs AJ, Vanderschueren RG, Kwa B, vd Werf TS, Postmus PE. Bronchoscopic therapy in patients with intraluminal typical bronchial carcinoid. Chest. 1995;107:556–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Luckraz H, Amer K, Thomas L, Gibbs A, Butchart EG. Long-term outcome of bronchoscopically resected endobronchial typical carcinoid tumors. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2006;132:113–5.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bertoletti L, Elleuch R, Kaczmarek D, Jean-Francois R, Vergnon JM. Bronchoscopic cryotherapy treatment of isolated endoluminal typical carcinoid tumor. Chest. 2006;130:1405–11.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fuks L, Fruchter O, Amital A, Fox BD, Rahman NA, Kramer MR. Long-term follow-up of flexible bronchoscopic treatment for bronchial carcinoids with curative intent. Diagn Ther Endosc. 2009;2009:782961.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hage R, Brutel de la Riviere A, Seldenrijk CA, Van den Bosch JMM. Update in pulmonary carcinoid tumors: a review article. Ann Surg Oncol. 2003;10:697–704.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rizzardi G, Marulli G, Bortolotti L, Calabrese F, Sartori F, Rea F. Sleeve resections and bronchoplastic procedures in typical central carcinoid tumours. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2008;56:42–5. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-965741.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

DeCaro LF, Paladugu R, Benfield JR, Lovisatti L, Pak H, Teplitz RL. Typical and atypical carcinoids within the pulmonary APUD tumor spectrum. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1983;86:528–36.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cerfolio RJ, Deschamps C, Allen MS, Trastek VF, Pairolero PC. Mainstem bronchial sleeve resection with pulmonary preservation. Ann Thorac Surg. 1996;61:1458–63.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lucchi M, Melfi F, Ribechini A, Dini P, Duranti L, Fontanini G, Mussi A. Sleeve and wedge parenchyma-sparing bronchial resections in low-grade neoplasms of the bronchial airway. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2007;134:373–7.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Blükbas S, Schirren J. Parenchyma-sparing bronchial sleeve resections in trauma, benign and malign diseases. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2010;58:32–7.

Article 

留言 (0)

沒有登入
gif