Seasonal variation in the chemical composition and larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti L. of essential oils from Brazilian Amazon

Mosquito-borne diseases increased dramatically worldwide in recent decades, causing serious health problems among people living in tropical and subtropical zones (Benelli and Mehlhorn, 2016; Hazarika et al., 2018, Maggi and Benelli, 2018).

Aedes aegypti L. is an insect with wide vector competence, being the main transmitter of several arboviruses, such as Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya (Benelli et al., 2016). These diseases are easily confused for having non-specific symptoms and despite self-limited they can cause serious problems such as hemorrhage, shock, microcephaly in fetuses, Guillan Barré syndrome and even death (Silvério et al., 2020).

About 60% of the world population will be at risk of dengue in 2080, without the control of these arboviruses (Messina et al., 2019; Silvério et al., 2020) and the difficulties related to the production of effective vaccines have led more emphasis on the vector control (Rodrigues et al., 2019; Luz et al., 2020a).

As there is no specific treatment for arboviruses, forms of disease control and prevention are being researched, such as the development of vaccines. Therefore, it is important to invest in research to control and prevent the disease.

For control of Ae. aegypti, it's common the use of synthetic compounds with larvicidal, insecticides, and repellents activities, like carbamates, organophosphates, and pyrethroids. However, this treatments are expensive and have a strong environmental impact, and besides it favors the development of resistance by the vector (Nkya et al., 2013; Rosa et al., 2016; Roy et al., 2017; Bedini et al., 2018; Workman et al., 2020).

For these reasons, alternative natural products are now a very appreciated new research source. The exploration of biodiversity for the search for new products of socioeconomic importance is called bioprospecting. In this context, plant biodiversity presents with immense potential for additional development of useful natural products, being attributed to them a range of biological activities (Tripathi and Pandey, 2017).

The need for the development of new products against Ae. aegypti required the exploration of botanical resources to explore safe and effective alternatives for arbovirus control. In this way, essential oils are considered the most promising alternative for vector control, since they are a mixture of several chemical compounds, with important biological activities (Bakkali et al., 2008; Pavela and Pavela, 2015; Pavela and Benelli 2016; Maggi and Benelli, 2018; Pavela et al., 2019; Luz et al., 2020a; Luz et al., 2020b).

This study is focused on the use of aromatic plants for the development of new products to combat the spread of arboviruses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of seasonality on the larvicidal activity against Ae. aegypti, chemical composition safety of four essential oils for determinate the best season for harvest, to validate the development of larvicidal bioproducts.

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