aDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT;

bDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA;

cDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, HoustonTX;

dDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and

eDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR.

Reprints: Justin M. Haller, MD, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Utah, 590 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT (e-mail: [email protected]).

P. J. Kellam, D. C. O'Neill, J. R. Daryoush, G. J. Dekeyser, L. N. Steffenson, D. L. Rothberg, and L. S. Marchand have no conflicts of interest to disclose. J. L. Gary is a paid presenter for Smith and Nephew, Stryker, and Synthes; holds stock or stock options in Summit Medventures; and is on the boards of the AO North America, Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, and Wolters Kluwer Health. T. F. Higgins is a paid consultant for DePuy Synthes, Globus Medical, and Imagen; receives IP royalties from DePuy; holds stock or stock options for NT nPhase, Orthogrid, and OsteoCentric; and is a board member for the Orthopaedic Trauma Association. J. F. Kellam is an AAOS board member and an unpaid consultant for OsteoCentric. M. Sciadini receives IP royalties from Globus Medical; holds stock or stock options for Stryker; and is a paid consultant for Stryker. S. Warner is a paid consultant for DePuy. Z. Working is a board member for the Orthopaedic Research Society and the Orthopaedic Trauma Association. J. M. Haller is a paid consultant for NewClip Technics, OsteoCentric, and Stryker and is a board member for the Orthopaedic Trauma Association and the Western Orthopaedic Association.

The work for this manuscript was performed at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, UT.