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Rare genetic variants in humans, including those variants that contribute to disease, are generally population-specific and produced by local demographic history and evolutionary processes. Because of this, the portability of associations found in individuals of European ancestries — who represent over 95% of all participants in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) — to populations of different ancestries, is limited. This Euro-centric bias creates damaging health disparities and raises several ethical concerns. In response, the call for increased diversity in human genomics has gained traction in the past decade.
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