Influence of glycosyl composition on the immunological activity of pectin and pectin-derived oligosaccharide

ElsevierVolume 222, Part A, 1 December 2022, Pages 671-679International Journal of Biological MacromoleculesHighlights•

Molecular weight and glycosyl composition could influence the immunity of pectin.

Pectin oligosaccharides showed better immune-enhancing activity than pectin.

Oligo-NP could significantly increase the secretion of NO, TNF-α, and IL-6.

Pectin oligosaccharides could activate macrophages through TLR4 signaling pathway.

Abstract

Factors causing differences in immune activities between pectin and pectin-derived oligosaccharides have not been fully studied. In this article, four samples with different molecular weights and monosaccharide compositions, including polygalacturonic acid (poly-GA) and its oligosaccharide (oligo-GA), navel orange peel pectin (NP) and its oligosaccharide (oligo-NP), were used to compare their immunomodulatory properties on RAW264.7 cells. All samples had nontoxic effect on cells, oligo-GA and oligo-NP could increase the production of nitric oxide and cytokines to a much higher level than poly-GA and NP. The findings revealed that reducing the molecular weight and preserving the branched regions of pectin-derived samples could improve their immune-enhancing effects on macrophages. Interestingly, the addition of TAK-242 (TLR4 inhibitor) also demonstrated that the tested pectin oligosaccharides could stimulate the activation of macrophages through TLR4 signaling pathway. These results confirmed the potential value of pectin oligosaccharides, and provided theoretical support for their application in the pharmaceutical industry.

Keywords

Pectin

Glycosyl composition

Molecular weight

Immune enhancement activity

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