The Role of Aberrant Neural Oscillations in the Hippocampal-Medial Prefrontal Cortex Circuit in Neurodevelopmental and Neurological Disorders

Elsevier

Available online 26 September 2022, 107683

Neurobiology of Learning and MemoryHighlights•

Hippocampal-medial prefrontal cortex interactions play crucial roles in normal brain function including cognition, emotion, and sensory processes.

Aberrant oscillations within the hippocampal-medial prefrontal cortex circuit are associated with several neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders.

Abnormal hippocampal-medial prefrontal cortex circuit dynamics could be useful biomarkers for disease diagnosis and intervention targets using methods such as deep brain stimulation, gene therapy, and pharmacotherapy.

Abstract

The hippocampus (HPC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) have well-established roles in cognition, emotion, and sensory processing. In recent years, interests have shifted towards developing a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying interactions between the HPC and mPFC in achieving these functions. Considerable research supports the idea that synchronized activity between the HPC and the mPFC is a general mechanism by which brain functions are regulated. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the hippocampal-medial prefrontal cortex (HPC-mPFC) circuit in normal brain function with a focus on oscillations and highlight several neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders associated with aberrant HPC-mPFC circuitry. We further discuss oscillatory dynamics across the HPC-mPFC circuit as potentially useful biomarkers to assess interventions for neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders. Finally, advancements in brain stimulation, gene therapy and pharmacotherapy are explored as promising therapies for disorders with aberrant HPC-mPFC circuit dynamics.

Keywords

hippocampus

medial prefrontal cortex

neural oscillations

neurological disorders

neurodevelopmental disorders

oscillotherapeutics

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