Coronavirus disease 2019, vaccination against coronavirus and immunoglobulin A-mediated diseases: systematic literature review

ElsevierVolume 132, October 2022, 102899Journal of AutoimmunityHighlights•

Systematic literature review on IgA-diseases associated to SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination.

47 cases of Berger glomerulonephritis identified, of whom 44 in temporal association with vaccination, and 3 with infection.

40 cases of Henoch-Schönlein purpura identified, of whom 17 in temporal association with vaccination, and 23 with infection.

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been associated with autoimmune phenomena. However, the interplay between COVID-19 or vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 and Berger glomerulonephritis or Henoch-Schönlein vasculitis, two diseases mediated by immunoglobulin A, has never been comprehensively investigated. Therefore, we carried out a systematic review of the literature on this topic. Following databases were used: Google Scholar, Excerpta Medica and the United States National Library of Medicine. Eighty-seven patients with immunoglobulin A-mediated diseases associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination against coronavirus were sorted out (53% males, 47% females; 34 17-51 years of age, median and interquartile range): 47 cases of Berger glomerulonephritis and 40 of Henoch-Schönlein vasculitis. Approximately 50% (N = 24) of Berger glomerulonephritis and 10% (N = 4) of Henoch-Schönlein vasculitis patients presented with a pre-existing history of immunoglobulin A-mediated disease. Almost all cases of Berger glomerulonephritis were vaccine-associated (N = 44; 94%), while most cases of Henoch-Schönlein vasculitis were infection-associated (N = 23; 57%). Among vaccine-associated immunoglobulin A diseases, about 90% were associated to mRNA-based vaccines. Our analysis supports the hypothesis that COVID-19 and vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 may trigger or exacerbate an immunoglobulin A-mediated diseases.

Keywords

Berger glomerulonephritis

Coronavirus 2019

COVID 19

Henoch-schönlein vasculitis

Immunoglobulin a nephritis

Immunoglobulin a vasculitis

Vaccination

SARS-CoV-2

AbbreviationsCOVID-19

Coronavirus disease 2019

SARS-CoV-2

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2

© 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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