Adults with moderate-to-severe AD were randomly assigned 2:2:2:1 to receive oral abrocitinib 200 or 100 mg once daily, subcutaneous dupilumab 300 mg every 2 weeks (600-mg loading dose), or placebo, with medicated topical therapy for 16 weeks. Stringent response thresholds were applied for Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), Investigator’s Global Assessment (IGA), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Peak Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale (PP-NRS), and Night Time Itch Scale (NTIS) severity.

At week 16, 48.9%, 38.0%, and 38.8% of the abrocitinib 200-mg, 100-mg, and dupilumab groups, respectively, achieved EASI-90 (≥90% improvement from baseline) vs 11.3% placebo; 14.9%, 12.6%, and 6.5% achieved IGA 0 (clear) vs 4.8% placebo; 29.7%, 21.6%, and 24.0% achieved DLQI 0/1 (no/minimal impact on quality of life) vs 10.6% placebo; and 57.1%, 44.5%, and 46.1% achieved NTIS severity 0/1 (no/minimal night time itch) vs 31.9% placebo. Kaplan-Meier median time to EASI-90 was 59, 113, and 114 days in the abrocitinib 200-mg, 100-mg, and dupilumab groups, respectively, and was not evaluable (NE) for placebo; median time to PP-NRS 0/1 (no/very minimal itch) was 86 and 116 days for abrocitinib 200 mg and dupilumab, respectively, and was NE for abrocitinib 100 mg and placebo.