Biochemical, transcriptome and metabolome analysis of the pulp of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck ‘Hong Jiang’ and its two variants reveal pathways regulating pulp taste, mastication, and color

Electronic Journal of Biotechnology

Available online 13 September 2022

Electronic Journal of BiotechnologyAbstractBackground

Hong Jiang (HC), a grafted chimera of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck), is prone to variations in fruit shape, taste, and pulp mastication. We studied the transcriptomes and metabolomes pf pulps of HC and its two variations (CB: fruits with changed pulp mastication, taste, and color and JB: fruits with changed pulp color and taste) to explore the related pathways.

Results

JB accumulated higher organic acids as compared to HC and CB. Flavonoid content was highest in HC followed by JB and CB. The soluble sugar content was lower, while cellulose content was higher in both JB and CB as compared to HC. We found 5,156 and 1,673 DEGs and 283 and 94 DAMs in HC vs JB and HC vs CB, respectively. The differential regulation of starch and sucrose metabolism, galactose metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, fructose and mannose metabolism, and citrate cycle pathways could be associated with changes in sugar contents and tastes in JB and CB. Cell-wall polymers-related DEGs/DAMs were associated with the inferior mastication quality of JB and CB. Carotenoid biosynthesis possibly imparts yellowish and reddish pulp color in HC. Additional to this pathway, the anthocyanin biosynthesis led to the changes in JB and CB pulp color.

Conclusions

This combined methodological approach proved to be useful in delineating the large-scale changes in the transcripts and metabolites of variant fruits in a chimeric citrus variety. This study provides advanced and large-scale data on citrus taste, mastication, and pulp color.

Keywords

Bud sport mutants

Citrus sinensis

Color

Fruit

Hong Jiang

Mastication

Metabolome

Pulp

Shape

Sweet orange

Taste

Transcriptome

AbbreviationsDEG

differentially expressed gene

FPKM

fragments per kilobase of exon model per million reads mapped

KEGG

Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes

PCA

principal component analysis

qRT-PCR

quantitative real-time PCR

Data availability

The raw RNA-seq data has been submitted to NCBI SRA under the project number: PRJNA739389 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJNA739389).

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