Log in to MyKarger to check if you already have access to this content.

Buy FullText & PDF Unlimited re-access via MyKarger Unrestricted printing, no saving restrictions for personal use read more

CHF 38.00 *
EUR 35.00 *
USD 39.00 *

Select

KAB

Buy a Karger Article Bundle (KAB) and profit from a discount!

If you would like to redeem your KAB credit, please log in.

Save over 20% compared to the individual article price.

Learn more

Access via DeepDyve Unlimited fulltext viewing Of this article Organize, annotate And mark up articles Printing And downloading restrictions apply

Select

Subscribe Access to all articles of the subscribed year(s) guaranteed for 5 years Unlimited re-access via Subscriber Login or MyKarger Unrestricted printing, no saving restrictions for personal use read more

Subcription rates

Select

* The final prices may differ from the prices shown due to specifics of VAT rules.

Article / Publication Details

First-Page Preview

Received: May 19, 2022
Accepted: July 05, 2022
Published online: September 12, 2022

Number of Print Pages: 8
Number of Figures: 1
Number of Tables: 2

ISSN: 0001-5547 (Print)
eISSN: 1938-2650 (Online)

For additional information: https://www.karger.com/ACY

Abstract

Introduction: In Japan, the direct smearing preparation (conventional preparation) has been widely used for cytological examination of the endometrium. Problems with the conventional preparation can be dissolved by liquid-based cytology (LBC) preparation. The Yokohama System is a method for reporting endometrial cytology, but the system lumps cancers together and does not distinguish between histological types. The objective of this study was to clarify morphometrical differences among endometrial endometrioid carcinoma grade 1 (G1), grade 3 (G3), and serous carcinoma (Serous) by image analysis of endometrial LBC. Methods: Using Papanicolaou smears prepared by LBC after sampling with a brush from 32 G1, 16 G3, and 16 Serous patients, image analysis was performed concerning the following 11 items: (1) number of layers of cluster, (2) area of cluster, (3) perimeter of cluster, (4) roundness of cluster, (5) complexity of cluster, (6) area of nucleus, (7) perimeter of nucleus, (8) roundness of nucleus, (9) complexity of nucleus, (10) area of nucleolus, and (11) nucleolus/nucleus (N/N) ratio. The data were statistically compared among G1, G3, and Serous. Results: Significant differences were observed in the number of layers of cluster (G1<G3<Serous), area of cluster (G1>G3<Serous), area of nucleus (G1<G3<Serous), area of nucleolus (G1<G3<Serous), roundness of cluster (G1>G3, G1>Serous), complexity of cluster (G1<G3, G1<Serous), roundness of nucleus (G1<Serous), complexity of nucleus (G1>Serous), and N/N ratio (G1>G3, G3<Serous). Conclusion: The number of layers and area of cluster, complexity of cluster, area and complexity of nucleus, area of nucleolus, and N/N ratio were suggested to be useful for the differentiation of histological types among G1, G3, and Serous. Particularly, differences in the number of layers of cluster, size of nucleus, and size of nucleolus among histological types were large and are considered to be potentially effective points of differential diagnosis.

© 2022 S. Karger AG, Basel

References Oncology Committee . Annual report on endometrial cancer. Acta Obstet Gynecol Jpn. 2021 July;73(7):814–28. GLOBOCAN. Data visualization tools for exploring the global cancer burden in 2020; 2020 [cited 2020 Dec]. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/cancers/24-Corpus-uteri-fact-sheet.pdf. Ueda SM, Kapp DS, Cheung MK, Shin JY, Osann K, Husain A, et al. Trends in demographic and clinical characteristics in women diagnosed with corpus cancer and their potential impact on the increasing number of deaths. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Feb;198(2):218.e1–6. Fader AN, Boruta D, Olawaiye AB, Gehrig PA. Uterine papillary serous carcinoma: epidemiology, pathogenesis and management. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Feb;22(1):21–9. Creasman WT, Odicino F, Maisonneuve P, Quinn MA, Beller U, Benedet JL, et al. Carcinoma of the corpus uteri FIGO 26th annual report on the results of treatment in gynecological cancer. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2006 Nov;95(Suppl 1):S105–43. Meisels A, Jolicoeur C. Criteria for the cytologic assessment of hyperplasias in endometrial samples obtained by the endopap endometrial sampler. Acta Cytol. 1985 May–Jun;29(3):297–302. Skaarland E. New concept in diagnostic endometrial cytology: diagnostic criteria based on composition and architecture of large tissue fragments in smears. J Clin Pathol. 1986 Jan;39(1):36–43. Byrne AJ. Endocyte endometrial smears in the cytodiagnosis of endometrial carcinoma. Acta Cytol. 1990 May–Jun;34(3):373–81. Ishii Y, Fujii M. Criteria for differential diagnosis of complex hyperplasia or beyond in endometrial cytology. Acta Cytol. 1997 Jul–Aug;41(4):1095–103. Norimatsu Y, Shimizu K, Kobayashi TK, Moriya T, Tsukayama C, Miyake Y, et al. Cellular features of endometrial hyperplasia and well differentiated adenocarcinoma using the endocyte sampler: diagnostic criteria based on the cytoarchitecture of tissue fragments. Cancer. 2006 Feb;108(2):77–85. Norimatsu Y, Yanoh K, Kobayashi TK. The role of liquid-based preparation in the evaluation of endometrial cytology. Acta Cytol. 2013 Jul–Aug;57(5):423–35. Papaefthimiou M, Symiakaki H, Mentzelopoulou P, Tsiveleka A, Kyroudes A, Voulgaris Z, et al. Study on the morphology and reproducibility of the diagnosis of endometrial lesions utilizing liquid-based cytology. Cancer. 2005 Feb;105(2):56–64. Buccoliero AM, Castiglione F, Gheri CF, Garbini F, Fambrini M, Bargelli G, et al. Liquid-based endometrial cytology: its possible value in postmenopausal asymptomatic women. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2007 Jan;17(1):182–7. Norimatsu Y, Kouda H, Kobayashi TK, Moriya T, Yanoh K, Tsukayama C, et al. Utility of thin-layer preparations in the endometrial cytology: evaluation of benign endometrial lesions. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2008 Feb;12(2):103–11. Norimatsu Y, Kouda H, Kobayashi TK, Shimizu K, Yanoh K, Tsukayama C, et al. Utility of liquid-based cytology in endometrial pathology: diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma. Cytopathology. 2009 Jun;20(6):395–402. Yanaki F, Hirai Y, Hanada A, Ishitani K, Matsui H. Liquid-based endometrial cytology using surepath™ is not inferior to suction endometrial tissue biopsy in clinical performance for detecting endometrial cancer including atypical endometrial hyperplasia. Acta Cytol. 2017 Mar–Apr;61(2):133–9. Yanoh K, Norimatsu Y, Munakata S, Yamamoto T, Nakamura Y, Murata T, et al. Evaluation of endometrial cytology prepared with the becton dickinson SurePathTM method: a pilot study by the Osaki study group. Acta Cytol. 2014 Mar–Apr;58(2):153–61. Fulciniti F, Yanoh K, Karakitsos P, Watanabe J, Di Lorito A, Margari N, et al. The yokohama system for reporting directly sampled endometrial cytology: the quest to develop a standardized terminology. Diagn Cytopathol. 2018 May;46(5):400–12. Norimatsu Y, Irino S, Maeda Y, Yanoh K, Kurokawa T, Hirai Y, et al. Nuclear morphometry as an adjunct to cytopathologic examination of endometrial brushings on LBC samples: a prospective approach to combined evaluation in endometrial neoplasms and look alikes. Cytopathol. 2021 Jan;32(1):65–74. Odashima H, Yoshioka H, Ota K, Goto Y, Noro M, Horie K, et al. Morphological differences between liquid-based cytology and conventional preparation in endometrial endometrioid carcinoma grade 1 and grade 3, and the differentiation of grades in each method. Acta Cytol. 2021 May–Jun;65(3):227–34. Nimura A, Ishitani K, Norimatsu Y, Okada K, Akizawa Y, Yanoh K, et al. Evaluation of cellular adequacy in endometrial liquid-based cytology. Cytopathol. 2019 May;30(5):526–31. Norimatsu Y, Yanoh K, Hirai Y, Kurokawa T, Kobayashi TK, Fulciniti F. A Diagnostic approach to endometrial cytology by means of liquid-based preparations. Acta Cytol. 2020 May–Jun;64(3):195–207. Norimatsu Y, Shigematsu Y, Sakamoto S, Ohsaki H, Yanoh K, Kawanishi N, et al. Nuclear characteristics of the endometrial cytology: liquid-based versus conventional preparation. Diagn Cytopathol. 2013 Feb;41(2):120–5. Nishimura Y, Watanabe J, Jobo T, Hattori M, Arai T, Kuramoto H. Cytologic scoring of endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. Cancer. 2004;105(1):8–12. Article / Publication Details

First-Page Preview

Received: May 19, 2022
Accepted: July 05, 2022
Published online: September 12, 2022

Number of Print Pages: 8
Number of Figures: 1
Number of Tables: 2

ISSN: 0001-5547 (Print)
eISSN: 1938-2650 (Online)

For additional information: https://www.karger.com/ACY