The article has been organized along three general themes: health and the wider ecological systems, diet and finally, and crucially, the role of the physician. It weaves the related discussions from both of us: Each theme begins with some reflections of Dr. Rao's over the past few decades and then introduces some critical concepts and evidence pertaining to planetary health, defined as the health of human civilization and the state of the natural systems on which it depends. Our objectives are that by reading this article, you should be able to: 1. Reflect on how the clinical presentation of the patient who seeks your consultation is a result of not just biology and psychology but also a function of his or her social, ecological (or environmental), economic-political context and the state and design of the health care delivery system. 2. Incorporate practical steps on a daily basis to reconcile the complexities of context and the more immediate needs of patient care by the following: a. Cultivate curiosity b. Find time for reflective practice, practice-based research, writing, teaching and mentoring c. Engage with the world beyond medicine and transactional networks d. Be mindful of your food and where your food comes from e. Spend time working with the community f. Engage and encourage engagement with nature 3. As a physician, embrace your role as an influencer and catalyst within society with the ability and opportunity to promote not just individual health but also social and planetary well-being.