Cucinotta D, Vanelli M. WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic. Acta Biomed. 2020;91(1):157–60.
PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Ouassou H, Kharchoufa L, Bouhrim M, et al. The pathogenesis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Evaluation and prevention. J Immunol Res. 2020;2020:1357983.
PubMed PubMed Central Article CAS Google Scholar
Xu J, Zhao S, Teng T, et al. Systematic comparison of two animal-to-human transmitted human Coronaviruses: SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV. Viruses. 2020;12(2):244.
PubMed Central Article CAS Google Scholar
Alimetov, A. Worldmeters. Coronavirus update (live). 2022. https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/. Accessed 2 June 2022.
WHO. World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). 2022. https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus. Accessed 16 Mar 2021.
da Rosa Mesquita R, Francelino Silva Junior LC, Santos Santana FM, et al. Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in the general population: systematic review.Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2021;133(7–8):377–382.
Cascella M, Rajnik M, Aleem A, Dulebohn SC, Di Napoli R. Features, evaluation, and treatment of Coronavirus (COVID-19). 2022 May 4. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island: StatPearls Publishing; 2022.
Mousavi T, Abdolahi M. The economic status of OIC member states during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. 2021;29:10–14.
Hackett M. Average cost of hospital care for COVID-19 ranges from $51,000 to $78,000, Based on age. 2020. Healthcare Finance. Available from: https://www.healthcarefinancenews.com/news/average-cost-hospital-care-covid-19-ranges-51000-78000-based-age.
Petrosillo N, Viceconte G, Ergonul O, Ippolito G, Petersen E. COVID-19, SARS and MERS: are they closely related? Clin Microbiol Infect. 2020;26(6):729–34.
CAS PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Aschwanden C. Five reasons why COVID herd immunity is probably impossible. Nature. 2021;591(7851):520–2.
CAS PubMed Article Google Scholar
FDA. US Food and Drug Administration. FDA takes additional action in fight against COVID-19 by issuing emergency use authorization for second COVID-19 vaccine. 2020. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-takes-additional-action-fight-against-covid-19-issuing-emergency-use-authorization-second-covid. Accessed 16 Mar 2021.
Liu J, Xie W, Wang Y, Xiong Y, Chen S, Han J, Wu Q. A comparative overview of COVID-19, MERS and SARS: Review article. Int J Surg. 2020;81:1–8.
PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
de Queiroz NMGP, Marinho FV, Chagas MA, et al. Vaccines for COVID-19: perspectives from nucleic acid vaccines to BCG as delivery vector system. Microbes Infect. 2020;22(10):515–24.
PubMed PubMed Central Article CAS Google Scholar
Shih HI, Wu CJ, Tu YF, Chi CY. Fighting COVID-19: A quick review of diagnoses, therapies, and vaccines. Biomed J. 2020;43(4):341–54.
PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Prompetchara E, Ketloy C, Palaga T. Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential vaccines: Lessons learned from SARS and MERS epidemic. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 2020;38(1):1–9.
Kaur SP, Gupta V. COVID-19 Vaccine: A comprehensive status report. Virus Res. 2020;288:198114.
CAS PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Fani M, Teimoori A, Ghafari S. Comparison of the COVID-2019 (SARS-CoV-2) pathogenesis with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infections. Future Virol. 2020. https://doi.org/10.2217/fvl-2020-0050.
Ahmed SF, Quadeer AA, McKay MR. Preliminary identification of potential vaccine targets for the COVID-19 Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) based on SARS-CoV immunological studies. Viruses. 2020;12(3):254.
CAS PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Rossi GA, Sacco O, Mancino E, Cristiani L, Midulla F. Differences and similarities between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2: spike receptor-binding domain recognition and host cell infection with support of cellular serine proteases. Infection. 2020;48(5):665–9.
CAS PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Salamanna F, Maglio M, Landini MP, Fini M. Body localization of ACE-2: On the trail of the keyhole of SARS-CoV-2. Front Med (Lausanne). 2020;7:594495.
Geravandi S, Mahmoudi-Aznaveh A, Azizi Z, Maedler K, Ardestani A. SARS-CoV-2 and pancreas: a potential pathological interaction? Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2021;32(11):842–5.
CAS PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Bates TA, Weinstein JB, Farley SE, Leier HC, Messer WB, Tafesse FG. Cross-reactivity of SARS-CoV structural protein antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Preprint. bioRxiv. 2020;2020.07.30.229377.
Tay MZ, Poh CM, Rénia L, MacAry PA, Ng LFP. The trinity of COVID-19: immunity, inflammation and intervention. Nat Rev Immunol. 2020;20(6):363–74.
CAS PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Shah VK, Firmal P, Alam A, Ganguly D, Chattopadhyay S. Overview of immune response during SARS-CoV-2 infection: lessons from the past. Front Immunol. 2020;11:1949.
CAS PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Ferreira AC, Soares VC, de Azevedo-Quintanilha IG, et al. SARS-CoV-2 engages inflammasome and pyroptosis in human primary monocytes [published correction appears in Cell Death Discov. 2021 May 19;7(1):116]. Cell Death Discov. 2021;7(1):43.
Wang C, Xie J, Zhao L, et al. Alveolar macrophage dysfunction and cytokine storm in the pathogenesis of two severe COVID-19 patients. EBioMedicine. 2020;57:102833.
PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Moss P. The T cell immune response against SARS-CoV-2. Nat Immunol. 2022;23(2):186–93.
CAS PubMed Article Google Scholar
Diao B, Wang C, Tan Y, et al. Reduction and functional exhaustion of T cells in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Front Immunol. 2020;11:827.
CAS PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Liu L, Xu L, Lin C. T cell response in patients with COVID-19. Blood Science. 2020;2(3):76–8.
PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Wu LP, Wang NC, Chang YH, et al. Duration of antibody responses after severe acute respiratory syndrome. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007;13(10):1562–4.
PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Peluso MJ, Takahashi S, Hakim J, et al. SARS-CoV-2 antibody magnitude and detectability are driven by disease severity, timing, and assay. Sci Adv. 2021;7(31):eabh3409.
Post N, Eddy D, Huntley C, et al. Antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans: A systematic review. PLoS ONE. 2020;15(12):e0244126.
CAS PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
He Z, Ren L, Yang J, et al. Seroprevalence and humoral immune durability of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Wuhan, China: a longitudinal, population-level, cross-sectional study. Lancet. 2021;397(10279):1075–84.
CAS PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Dan JM, Mateus J, Kato Y, et al. Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to eight months after infection. Preprint. bioRxiv. 2020;2020.11.15.383323.
Wheatley AK, Juno JA, Wang JJ, Selva KJ, Reynaldi A, Tan H-X, Lee WS, Wragg KM, Kelly HG, Esterbauer R, Davis SK, Kent HE, Mordant FL, Schlub TE, Gordon DL, Khoury DS, Subbarao K, Cromer D, Gordon TP, Chung AW, Davenport MP, Kent SJ. Evolution of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in mild-moderate COVID-19. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):1162.
CAS PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Cohen KW, Linderman SL, Moodie Z, Czartoski J, Lai L, Mantus G, Norwood C, Nyhoff LE, Edara VV, Floyd K, de Rosa SC, Ahmed H, Whaley R, Patel SN, Prigmore B, Lemos MP, Davis CW, Furth S, O'Keefe J, Gharpure MP, Gunisetty S, Stephens KA, Antia R, Zarnitsyna VI, Stephens DS, Edupuganti S, Rouphael N, Anderson EJ, Mehta AK, Wrammert J, Suthar MS, Ahmed R, McElrath MJ. Longitudinal analysis shows durable and broad immune memory after SARS-CoV-2 infection with persisting antibody responses and memory B and T cells. medRxiv [Preprint]. 2021 Jun 18:2021.04.19.21255739. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.19.21255739. Update in: Cell Rep Med. 2021;2(7):100354.
Alfego D, Sullivan A, Poirier B, Williams J, Adcock D, Letovsky S. A population-based analysis of the longevity of SARS-CoV-2 antibody seropositivity in the United States. eClinicalMedicine. 2021;36:100902.
Cheng ZJ, Xue M, Zheng P, et al. Factors affecting the antibody immunogenicity of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2: A focused review. Vaccines (Basel). 2021;9(8):869.
Anderson RM, Vegvari C, Truscott J, Collyer BS. Challenges in creating herd immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection by mass vaccination. Lancet. 2020;396(10263):1614–6.
CAS PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Brodin P. Immune determinants of COVID-19 disease presentation and severity. Nat Med. 2021;27(1):28–33.
CAS PubMed Article Google Scholar
Liu Q, Xu K, Wang X, Wang W. From SARS to COVID-19: What lessons have we learned? J Infect Public Health. 2020;13(11):1611–8.
PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Zhu Z, Lian X, Su X, Wu W, Marraro GA, Zeng Y. From SARS and MERS to COVID-19: a brief summary and comparison of severe acute respiratory infections caused by three highly pathogenic human coronaviruses. Respir Res. 2020;21(1):224.
CAS PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Buchy P, Buisson Y, Cintra O, Dwyer DE, Nissen M, Ortiz de Lejarazu R, Petersen E. COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons learned from more than a century of pandemics and current vaccine development for pandemic control. Int J Infect Dis. 2021;112:300–317.
Ovsyannikova IG, Haralambieva IH, Crooke SN, Poland GA, Kennedy RB. The role of host genetics in the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 susceptibility and severity. Immunol Rev. 2020;296(1):205–19.
CAS PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Ghafouri-Fard S, Noroozi R, Vafaee R, et al. Effects of host genetic variations on response to, susceptibility and severity of respiratory infections. Biomed Pharmacother. 2020;128:110296.
CAS PubMed PubMed Central Article Google Scholar
Di Maria E, Latini A, Borgiani P, Novelli G. Genetic variants of the human host influencing the coronavirus-associated phenotypes (SARS, MERS and COVID-19): rapid systematic review and field synopsis. Hum Genomics. 2020;14(1):30.
PubMed PubMed Central Article CAS Google Scholar
Hou Y, Zhao J, Martin W, et al. New insights into genetic susceptibility of COVID-19: an ACE2 and TMPRSS2 polymorphism analysis. BMC Med. 2020;18(1):216.
留言 (0)