From the ∗Johns Hopkins Armstrong Institute for Patient Safety and Quality, Baltimore, Maryland

†Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts

‡Weber State University, Ogden, Utah

§HCA Healthcare, Nashville, Tennessee

∥University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama

¶The Leapfrog Group, Washington, District of Columbia

#Institute for Safe Medication Practices, Horsham, Pennsylvania.

Correspondence: J. Matthew Austin, PhD, Johns Hopkins Armstrong Institute for Patient Safety and Quality, 750 E Pratt St, 15th Flr, Baltimore, MD 21202 (e-mail: [email protected]).

J.M.A. and J.D. received funding through a contract with The Leapfrog Group to broadly support the science of the organization’s measurement activities. K.B.S. and M.D. are both employed by The Leapfrog Group. All other authors are unpaid members of The Leapfrog Group’s Bar Code Medication Administration national expert panel. The other authors disclose no conflict of interest.