*VA Portland Health Care System, HSR&D Center to Improve Veteran Involvement in Care (CIVIC), Portland, OR

†Comprehensive Access and Delivery Research and Evaluation (CADRE), Center at the Iowa City VA Healthcare System

‡Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA

§Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics

∥Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University

¶School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University and Portland State University, Portland, OR

This study was supported by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Office of Research and Development, Health Services Research and Development (HSR&D) Grant (IIR 17-134).

The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Department of Veterans Affairs or the United States Government.

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Correspondence to: Megan Lafferty, PhD, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 Southwest, US Veterans Hospital Road (R&D 66), Portland, OR. E-mail: [email protected].

Written work prepared by employees of the Federal Government as part of their official duties is, under the U.S. Copyright Act, a “work of the United States Government” for which copyright protection under Title 17 of the United States Code is not available. As such, copyright does not extend to the contributions of employees of the Federal Government.