Common symptoms associated with usage and cessation of anabolic androgenic steroids in men

Elsevier

Available online 12 August 2022, 101691

Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismAbstract

Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) have widespread and growing illicit use as image and performance enhancing drugs (IPED), predominantly in young men. Users trying to stop AAS are prone to distressing withdrawal symptoms which may trigger relapse in use. It is important to develop therapies to support AAS withdrawal. The illicit nature of AAS use has impeded the robust characterisation of its clinical withdrawal syndrome within any single study. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review summarising the available clinical studies describing symptoms associated with non-medically indicated AAS use, and AAS withdrawal. Reported clinical features of AAS withdrawal include headache, fatigue, myalgia, restlessness, insomnia, low mood and libido, anorexia, suicidal ideation, body image dissatisfaction, and steroid cravings; novel therapies for AAS withdrawal would need evaluation against these symptoms.

Keywords

androgenic anabolic steroids

men

withdrawal

dependency

androgens

substance misuse

© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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